VETERINARY ANAESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA

Use of a surgical drain for continuous postoperative trigeminal nerve block in a dog
Qiao S and Bravo VR
A male, neutered, mixed-breed dog, aged 12 years, was referred for a left mandibulectomy resulting from the recurrence of a squamous cell carcinoma in the vertical ramus of the left mandible. Preoperative pain management consisted of methadone 0.2 mg kg intravenously and an ultrasound-guided trigeminal nerve block with bupivacaine. Intraoperatively, a Jackson-Pratt drain connected to a continuous suction bulb was placed in the vicinity of the trigeminal nerve for postoperative bupivacaine delivery and exudate drainage. Bupivacaine 0.13% was delivered every 4 hours along with subcutaneous meloxicam (0.2 mg kg, followed by 0.1 mg kg every 24 hours). No opioid rescue analgesia was needed postoperatively based on the short-form Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale. The dog began eating voluntarily 4 hours after surgery without signs of pain or discomfort. The drain was removed after 24 hours and the dog was discharged 24 hours postoperatively with oral meloxicam.
Evaluation of cardiac output and Hypotension Prediction Index using the HemoSphere Acumen IQ monitoring system in sevoflurane-anesthetized dogs
Paranjape VV, Regenbaum T, Link S, Magee A, Liu CC and Cremer J
To evaluate agreement between cardiac output (CO) from intermittent pulmonary artery thermodilution (iPATD-CO) and HemoSphere with Acumen IQ sensor (HSIQ-CO) in sevoflurane-anesthetized, normovolemic and hypovolemic dogs. Also, to analyze HSIQ-derived Hypotension Prediction Index (HPI) trends, and investigate its relationship with invasive mean arterial blood pressure (MAP).
Reproducibility and diagnostic accuracy of the Unesp-Botucatu Feline Pain Scale and the visual analogue scale among laypeople, cat owners, students and experienced veterinarians
Neves MM, de Lima MT, Trindade PHE, Oliveira MC, Monteiro BP, Crosignani N, Tseng CT, Yamashita K, Kronen PW and Luna SPL
To investigate the reproducibility and diagnostic accuracy of the Unesp-Botucatu Feline Pain Scale short form (UFEPS-SF) and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) among untrained laypersons, cat owners, veterinary students and experienced veterinarians.
Ultrasound-guided versus blind intercostal nerve injection in equine cadavers
Serighelli-Júnior G, Strugava L, de Oliveira Franco JD, Kulik K, Dornbusch PT, Machado M and Moreno JCD
To describe the detailed anatomy of the equine thoracoabdominal region and to compare the accuracy of ultrasound-guided versus blind intercostal nerve injection techniques, targeting the thoracic intercostal nerves (T12-T18) in equine cadavers.
Diagnostic accuracy of pulse pressure variation, stroke volume variation and plethysmography variability index for prediction of fluid responsiveness in anesthetized and mechanically ventilated dogs: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Donati PA, Tarragona L, Cordero IS, Franco JVA, Liquitay CE, Portela DA, Araos J, Staffieri F and Otero PE
To assess the diagnostic accuracy of pulse pressure variation (PPV), plethysmographic variability index (PVI) and stroke volume variation (SVV) for predicting fluid responsiveness in dogs.
Perioperative acute kidney injury in dogs undergoing elective desexing surgery
Quinn CT, Rotne R, Dockray E and Walton AN
To report the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in dogs after elective desexing surgery.
Ultrasound-guided cervical plexus associated block in dogs: A preliminary cadaveric study
D'Urso ES, De Gennaro C and Ravasio G
To describe the ultrasonographic anatomy of the neck region in dogs and to determine the feasibility of an injection targeted to the cervical plexus.
Epidural injection of combined steroid and local anaesthetic for lumbosacral stenosis pain in a cat
Aprea F and Omaña M
Pharmacokinetics and behavioural effects of a single oral dose of trazodone in rabbits
Gibert A, Watanabe R, Garbin M, Juette T, Beaudry F, Desmarchelier M and Cruz Benedetti IC
To evaluate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a single oral dose of trazodone in laboratory rabbits.
What is the role of the veterinary anesthesiologist/anaesthetist today?
d'Anselme O, Kronen P, Martinez M and Minghella E
Urinary biomarkers for early diagnosis of perioperative acute kidney injury in dogs: a narrative review
Davis J
To provide the knowledge and context necessary for veterinary anaesthetists to appraise and design studies utilising biomarkers as outcome measures for acute kidney injury (AKI).
Assessment of support structures for second victims in veterinary anaesthesia: building on insights from an international survey - Part 2
Santos LC, McArthur M, Perkins N and Goodwin W
To evaluate the availability, quality, and desired forms of support structures for veterinary anaesthesia professionals following patient safety incidents (PSIs).
Anesthetic and analgesic management of cats undergoing elective neutering: Survey of practices and opinions of veterinarians in Ontario, Canada
Kerr CL, Swanton WE, Johnson RJ, Amezcua MD and O'Sullivan TL
To determine the anesthetic and analgesic protocols and techniques used in cats undergoing elective neutering in Ontario, Canada and to obtain veterinarians' opinions regarding their choices.
Comparison of two immobilisation protocols (medetomidine-midazolam and alfaxalone-midazolam) for restraint of urban red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) : a pilot study
Romero Marco P, English HM, Nolan B, Ciuti S, Bennett RC and Huuskonen V
To compare two immobilisation protocols for the restraint of urban red foxes: medetomidine-midazolam (MM) and alfaxalone-midazolam (AM).
Looking forward and reflecting back: Learning from the London 60th anniversary meeting
Clark L
Air-test for assessing gas exchange and the potential benefit of alveolar recruitment manoeuvre in anaesthetized dogs
Sández I, Donati PA, Portela DA and Araos J
To determine the use of Air-Test in ventilated, anaesthetized dogs for evaluating oxygen uptake and to determine its potential utility in guiding the decision to perform an alveolar recruitment manoeuvre (ARM).
A comparison of a transdermal eutectic lidocaine/prilocaine cream and subcutaneous lidocaine injection prior to jugular vein catheterization in horses: a randomized crossover study
Amiet B, Rainger J, Zedler S, Stewart A, Woldeyohannes S and Goodwin W
To compare horses' aversive behavioural responses to the application of 5% prilocaine/lidocaine eutectic mixture of local anaesthetics (EMLA) cream versus subcutaneous infiltration of 2% lidocaine, followed by jugular vein catheterization.
Response to the Letter to the Editor from authors Dawn Sheppard and Dr Muhammed Aslam Nasir
Gómez-Silvestre JM, García-Fernández A, Redondo JI, de Los Reyes Marti-Scharhausen M, Cañón A, Hernández EZ, Martínez A, Neilson DM and Viscasillas J
The association between injectable non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and acute kidney injury in dogs and cats
Wun MK, Court MH, Villarino NF and Malik R
Over the past 20 years, injectable non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have become widely adopted to provide routine analgesia to dogs and cats, including perioperatively. This is despite growing evidence associating their use with acute kidney injury, particularly in relation to the use of meloxicam in cats. In this Perspective, we summarise the evidence obtained from pharmacovigilance agencies and the veterinary literature, examine why proponents of injectable NSAIDs appear to discard this evidence, and discuss whether injectable NSAIDs are an obligatory component of multimodal analgesia. Finally, we offer alternative analgesic drug regimens and call for further research that could be undertaken before injectable NSAIDs can be used safely in dogs and cats.
The effects of positive end-expiratory pressure and end-inspiratory pause on dead space and alveolar ventilation in mechanically ventilated dogs
Portela DA, McKenzie SR, Moura RA, Gonzalez M, Donati PA, Sandez I, Araos J, Chiavaccini L, Maxwell EA and Otero PE
To evaluate the effect of 5 cmHO positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and end-inspiratory pause (EIP) on airway dead space (V) and its resultant effects on alveolar tidal volume (V) and physiological dead space-to-tidal volume ratio (V/V) in dorsally recumbent anesthetized dogs.
Intra-rater reliability, expertise and justifications for the American society of anesthesiologists physical status classification in dogs
de Almeida Lupiano HE, Hofmeister EH and Liao PT
The purposes of this study were to document intra-rater reliability in assigning American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification System (ASA) status, to compare Cochran-Weiss-Shanteau (CWS) scores between anesthetists with varying levels of external validation, and to document the explanations given for assigning certain ASA statuses.