Self- and other-oriented harmful behaviors are common among emerging adults. Individuals who engage in both forms of behavior, termed dual-harm, experience more adverse outcomes in comparison to individuals who engage in either. This study examines temperamental traits, defined as reactive and regulative temperament, as transdiagnostic factors underlying engagement in self-oriented, other-oriented, and dual-harmful behaviors. These harmful behaviors are operationalized as non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), direct aggression, and a combination of both, respectively. Participants are 669 emerging adults (69.36% women; = 21.48; = 2.20). The study focusses on how temperament can differentiate four different groups (i.e., a no-harm, NSSI-only, aggression-only, and a dual-harm group) in a pairwise manner. Results highlight a hyper-reactive Behavioral inhibitions system (BIS) and a hypo-reactive Behavioral activation system (BAS)-Impulsivity in individuals who engage in NSSI-only, compared to no-harm and aggression-only. Conversely, we found a hypo-reactive BIS and a hyper-reactive BAS-Impulsivity in those who report aggressive behaviors, compared to no-harm and NSSI-only. Finally, a hypo-reactive Effortful control (EC) is found in the dual-harm group, when compared to those engaging only in NSSI, and hyper-reactive BIS and BAS-Impulsivity are found in the dual-harm group, when compared to those engaging only in aggressive behaviors, or those engaging in neither behaviors. This study highlights the role of temperamental traits in differentiating patterns of self-oriented, other-oriented, and dual-harmful behaviors, which should be integrated in future research and clinical interventions.

Interpersonal sensitivity is an aspect of Sensory Processing Sensitivity (SPS) that has been unexplored precisely despite potentially playing an even more significant role in individuals with SPS. The results of various studies on individuals with SPS suggest that this trait is accompanied by a high interpersonal sensitivity, which refers to an increased sensitivity to the emotional states of individuals with whom one interacts; however, no measurement instrument directly evaluates it. This research aimed to develop an instrument to assess high interpersonal sensitivity and analyze its psychometric properties. Four hundred twenty-nine university students aged 18 to 29 participated. Confirmatory Factor Analysis supported a three-factor structure (awareness of subtleties, overstimulation, and persistent effect) consistent with Exploratory Factor Analysis findings. The internal consistency values for the total scale and the three factors were adequate, and the validity evidence was congruent with the construct. Despite needing further studies, the High Interpersonal Sensitivity Scale (HISS) shows adequate psychometric properties for measuring high interpersonal sensitivity in adults.

Performing hypothesis tests with adequate statistical power is indispensable for psychological research. In response to several large-scale replication projects following the replication crisis, concerns about the root causes of this crisis - such as questionable research practices (QRPs) - have grown. While initial efforts primarily addressed the inflation of the type I error rate of research due to QRPs, recent attention has shifted to the adverse consequences of low statistical power. In this paper we first argue how underpowered studies, in combination with publication bias, contribute to a literature rife with false positive results and overestimated effect sizes. We then examine whether the prevalence of power analyses in psychological research has effectively increased over time in response to the increased awareness regarding these phenomena. To address this, we conducted a systematic review of 903 published empirical articles across four APA-disciplines, comparing 453 papers published in 2015-2016, with 450 papers from 2020-2021. Although the prevalence of power analysis across different domains in psychology has increased over time (from 9.5% to 30%), it remains insufficient overall. We conclude by discussing the implications of these findings and elaborating on some alternative methods to power analysis that can help ensure sufficient statistical power.

The clinical-organizational context (where clinical psychology services are provided in the individuals' professional setting) has still been insufficiently approached in research, namely the influence it may have on the response attitudes of individuals undergoing psychological assessment. Our main goal is to find out if, when psychological assessment occurs in the workplace context, patients being assessed present specific response bias that may have implications for the clinical results and correlative decisions. Five hundred and ten adult participants grouped in two samples of ambulatory patients - Clinical-Organizational Sample (COS = 238) and Clinical Sample (CS = 272) - were assessed with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-RF validity and substantive scales. Under-reporting is five times more frequent in the COS, which presents Defensiveness (11%), and Desirability (5%). In the CS, under-reporting is residual and over-reporting is more prevalent than in the COS. Clinical record information of COS participants presenting under . over-reporting also reveal differences concerning their circumstances, and type of clinical conditions. Comparing participants with under-reporting in each sample, the COS had lower clinical profiles, and tended to present excessively low psychopathology and symptomology values, suggesting higher defensiveness. Finally, the fact that 33% of the COS present biased response attitudes (i.e., 15% presented under-reporting and 18% presented over-reporting) has implications for both clinical and career decision making processes. In conclusion, there are relevant differences in response attitude and psychopathology features between outpatients assessed in a traditional clinical setting and in a clinical-organizational one, suggesting the professional context of the patients may influence motivations to disclosure psychological symptoms and problems.

Face recognition abilities vary tremendously in the general population. People at the lower end of the spectrum, those with developmental prosopagnosia, report stress, anxiety or social interaction issues due to their poor face recognition abilities. It is thus important to develop adequate diagnostic tools convenient to use for clinicians and to examine relationships between face recognition skills and negative affects. In the present study, we provide a validated French translation of the 20-item prosopagnosia index (PI20), a self-report measure used to detect people with developmental facial identity recognition deficits (Shah et al., 2015; Tsantani et al., 2021). We also examined links between face recognition skills measured with the PI20 and a standard face recognition test (Cambridge face memory test-CFMT; Duchaine & Nakayama, 2006) and measures of social anxiety (social interaction anxiety scale, social phobia scale) and negative affects (state trait anxiety scale, Beck depression inventory). We did not find any significant correlation between the CFMT and measures of psychosocial well-being and only found a weak positive association between the PI20 and social interaction anxiety. Although this association is weak and warrants further research, raising awareness about developmental face recognition issues may help improve the well-being of people with facial identity recognition deficits and provide new investigation or intervention avenues for clinicians who treat patients with social interaction anxiety.

The Gaming Disorder Scale for Adolescents (GADIS-A, Paschke, Austermann & Thomasius, 2020) was the first screening tool for gaming disorder based on the new ICD-11 criteria. In order to increase the international applicability of the GADIS-A, the current study aimed to validate the psychometric properties of the Dutch version of the instrument. It was validated in a survey among 1773 Flemish (= Dutch-speaking part of Belgium) video game playing adolescents. EFA and CFA were performed to check the factor structure. The Video Game Addiction Test (VAT), gaming time, passion for gaming, Gaming Disorder Scale for Parents (GADIS-P), sensation seeking, impulsivity, adolescents' school and social life, and simulated and monetary gambling were employed to derive construct validity, and life satisfaction, depression, and anxiety to check criterion validity. Analyses suggested a two-factor structure in the Dutch GADIS-A, similar to the original study: the first factor relates to negative consequences, while the second factor reveals cognitive-behavioral symptoms. Both subscales and the total scale showed acceptable-to-good internal consistency ( = 0.78-0.85). Significant correlations were established between GADIS-A and all other variables (except for sensation seeking), congruent with previous research. The Dutch version of the GADIS-A proved to be a reliable and valid tool for assessing gaming disorder in adolescents. It was also linked, for the first time, to the increasingly blurring lines between video gaming and monetary gambling.

Workers often make use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in the workplace and outside normal working hours, either voluntarily or compulsorily, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic. This study had three main objectives. Firstly, to explore whether workplace flexibility was associated with technology-assisted supplemental work (TASW), and whether this, in turn, is associated with higher levels of psychological distress. Secondly, to analyze if this relationship between workplace flexibility and TASW could be moderated by subjective workplace telepressure and workers' technoaddiction. Finally, to investigate whether the execution of this type of supplemental work was linked to psychological distress through the mediating effects of psychological detachment, work-family conflict, and subjective vitality. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021 during the pandemic, involved 577 professionals (72.8% women and 27.2% men) from various productive sectors. The participants were primarily from Spain, followed by other Hispanic American countries and European Union countries. Results revealed that workplace flexibility was associated with increased supplemental work, especially among those workers experiencing higher levels of subjective workplace telepressure and technoaddiction. Furthermore, this type of supplemental work was linked to greater psychological distress by hindering psychological disconnection from work, heightening work-family conflict, and reducing feelings of vitality. The discussion has focused on preventive measures.

Various studies indicate the role of experiential avoidance (EA) in the onset and maintenance of mental health disorders such as depression or anxiety disorders. The Brief Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire (BEAQ) is a quick tool to assess EA.

In many countries, the use of gender-fair language is heavily debated. In France, some opponents to gender-fair language have argued that it hinders language comprehension for people who have difficulties with language (PDLs). This argument was notably promoted by (far) right-wing personalities and newspapers. The justification-suppression model of prejudice and the concept of ideology malleability suggest that such a defence of PDLs may be a strategy to oppose gender-fair language and promote the status quo. We hypothesized that threatening participants with gender-fair language would lead high-SDO individuals to report greater concern for PDLs. In two experimental studies (n = 1117, France), we did not find support for our prediction. Overall, SDO was negatively correlated with support for PDLs, whereas participants supporting gender-fair language were also more concerned with PDLs. This suggests that contrary to what some conservative commentators have claimed, gender-fair language supporters do not overlook the question of language accessibility, as opposed to anti-egalitarians. To our knowledge, this is the first research to bridge literature on the justification of prejudice and gender-fair language.

Virtual reality (VR) has witnessed significant growth in the mental health field. However, clinical observations reveal substantial variability across individuals' responses to VR. This diversity could be attributed to differences in the sense of presence, a key factor in VR's efficacy. Understanding the influence of personality traits on shaping the sense of presence in VR is essential, as it holds the potential to enhance the effectiveness of VR interventions. In the current study, we investigate the potential impact of the need for control on one's sense of presence in VR, hypothesizing that a higher need for control is associated with lower presence levels. We conducted research with 40 adults who completed questionnaires (assessing perfectionism, intolerance of uncertainty, experiential avoidance, Big Five, sense of presence, anxiety level) and engaged in a VR immersion. Results suggest that the need for control positively influences the sense of presence, which is contrary to the literature. A discussion is proposed to explore the impact of high need for control, indicating that its effects may depend on the anxiety-inducing nature of the immersion condition. We put forth an innovative theoretical model on how a strong desire for control could affect the sense of presence in different immersive conditions. Our findings warrant further investigations in this direction.

Confidence degrees assigned by respondents to their responses are generally taken at their face value. An experiment where respondents were asked to indicate twice their confidence in their (changed or unchanged) response has, however, showed that those confidences can greatly vary over time at the individual level. I propose a model that takes that variation into account and considers confidence as a latent variable - the level of knowledge - to be estimated through a true score approach. The model is defined in the special case of a scale with a given number of confidence degrees. It assumes that when faced with this type of testing requirements, a person experiences uncertainty in a way that can be represented by a finite set of partial knowledge states. It leans mainly on a conditional independence assumption. As the model is intractable under that sole assumption, additional testable and simple constraints must be imposed on the way confidence errors are distributed. The model was applied to data collected in the experiment. The results show that, under a general (population) overestimation bias, very different individual profiles are hidden with different distributions of errors. The model enables also to make predictions about one single individual by only examining his (her) calibration errors. Some errors patterns observed on the replicated data can indeed be anticipated with the proposed models.

Patients with severe brain injuries and disorders of consciousness (DoC) represent a complex clinical population in terms of diagnosis, prognosis, and management, including critical ethical considerations. Behavioral assessment scales remain the primary tools for evaluating the level of consciousness of these patients following a coma; however, they heavily depend on language and communication abilities. This reliance can lead to underestimating residual consciousness in cases where language impairments go undetected. Accordingly, the latest international guidelines on DoC diagnosis have highlighted aphasia as a significant confounding factor that must be addressed. On the other hand, accurately assessing residual language abilities is essential for better characterizing the patient's cognitive profile. This, in turn, enables neuropsychologists and speech-language therapists to tailor and plan effective rehabilitation programs. This review examines the current literature on language function and communication skills in patients with DoC, detailing the latest tools for assessing and managing language and consciousness in individuals with severe brain injuries. We explore the critical role of language function in evaluating residual consciousness, particularly in DoC behavioral diagnoses and in identifying covert consciousness through neuroimaging passive or active paradigms. Furthermore, we discuss how therapies aimed at recovering consciousness-such as pharmacological treatments, electromagnetic therapies, sensory or cognitive stimulation, and communication aids like brain-computer interfaces-may also impact or rely on language function and communication abilities. Further research is needed to refine methodologies and better understand the interplay between language processing, communication and levels of consciousness.

The high prevalence of mental health problems, especially in adolescence, promotes research on psychological interventions. Recently, focus has shifted from disorder specific to transdiagnostic interventions. Since emotion regulation (ER) underlies various mental disorders, targeting this transdiagnostic mechanism is Particulary interesting. The current study aimed to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of an emotion regulation training for children and adolescents (EuREKA) in six adolescents ( = 12.50, = 1.52; 50% girls) enrolled in an inpatient treatment center for internalizing and/or externalizing problems. Using a single case design, ER was monitored weekly during both baseline and treatment phase. In addition, pretraining and posttraining measurements on both psychopathology and ER were included. Although caution is warranted due to the nature of the study and the small sample size, the overall results suggest that EuREKA is a feasible and potentially promising approach for treating both internalizing and externalizing problems. However, some mixed results in the individual outcomes were observed, making it challenging to provide conclusions on the effectiveness of EuREKA.

Increasing evidence shows how distress following sexual violence might spill over to victims' romantic relationship functioning. However, studies investigating the reverse spillover between relationship functioning and psychological distress following sexual violence are lacking. The current study therefore aimed to investigate the bidirectional association between victims' psychological distress (posttraumatic stress, depression, anxiety and stress) and emotional and sexual intimacy using a three-wave yearly survey study of a community sample of sexual violence victims ( = 274, 89% women, 3% men and 8% trans persons, = 32 years, = 10.7). Results show evidence for spillover effects for posttraumatic stress and stress on emotional intimacy and for anxiety on sexual intimacy. In addition, reverse spillover effects for emotional intimacy were found on all indicators of psychological distress and for sexual intimacy on depression and anxiety. These results suggest that victims' individual and relational functioning is bidirectionally associated. In addition, results suggest that targeting intimacy levels within romantic relationships might improve victims' individual functioning and vice versa. Future research that includes dyadic assessment could enhance our understanding of the bidirectional associations between individual functioning and couple functioning following sexual violence.

The Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) is one of the most used self-report measures of empathy, comprising 4 factors assessing both cognitive and affective empathy. Nowadays, three different French adaptations of this instrument co-exist. This research compares the three French adaptations of the IRI scale using both quantitative and qualitative evaluations. In Study 1, a French-speaking sample ( = 339) completed all three French IRI versions at 2-month time intervals in a counterbalanced order. In Study 2, the item wording of the three versions was evaluated by six independent professional translators. Study 1 assessed the items' distribution, the scale's factorial structure, the subscales' internal consistency, and their correlations with alternative measures of empathy (the Empathy Quotient) and other clinically relevant indicators (anxiety, depression). These quantitative analyses highlighted that all three French adaptations can be used for research purposes. They all exhibit acceptable internal consistency, a factorial structure compliant with the 4-factor model originally proposed by Davis, as well as convergent and discriminant validity. However, by combining item quantitative analyses and translators' judgments, we revealed some problematic items in each version. Taken together, the findings suggest that the French IRI adaptations by Guttman & Laporte (2000) and Braun et al. (2015) should be slightly preferred. To improve the overall quality of each French IRI version, we provide some recommendations about how to adapt problematic items.

The use of multilevel models to combine and compare the results of multiple single-case experimental design (SCED) studies has been proposed about two decades ago. Since then, the number of multilevel meta-analyses of SCED studies steadily increased, together with the complexity of multilevel models used. At the same time, many studies were done to empirically evaluate the approach in a variety of situations, and to study how the flexibility of multilevel models can be employed to account for many complexities that often are encountered in SCED research, such as autocorrelation, linear and nonlinear time trends, specific designs, external event effects, multiple outcomes, and heterogeneity. In this paper, we give a state-of-the-art of the multilevel approach, by making an overview of basic and more extended models, summarizing simulation results, and discussing some remaining issues.

Parents play a crucial role in cultivating adolescents' pro-environmental behavior, which has attracted researchers' attention. Nevertheless, the role of negative parenting styles has not been adequately concerned.

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between neurodevelopmental areas and possible difficulties in emotional-behavioural variables, and to determine if sex moderated this relationship. A community sample of 231 boys and girls with typical development and with a mean age of 19.84 months was evaluated, using the Bayley-III and CBCL 1.5-5 scales. The main results confirmed: (1) better linguistic abilities in girls in both language areas (receptive communication and expressive communication), finding more evidence according to the Bayesian analysis in expressive communication; (2) in the emotional-behavioural area girls had higher scores in withdrawal; (3) significant negative correlations of low magnitude were found between the Bayley and CBCL scales, particularly in the areas of language and cognitive and internalising and externalising problems; (4) children with low cognitive abilities and those with poor receptive communication showed more inter and externalising difficulties; (5) no significant predictive value or moderating effect of sex was found, (6) the number of participants who simultaneously manifested significant deficits in both domains (neurodevelopmental and emotional-behavioural) was very reduced. Future research should corroborate these results and the characteristics of the relationship found at these early ages. Detecting the population at risk in the first two years of life would enable the implementation of interventions aimed at improving neurodevelopmental deficits and emotional-behavioural problems. Thus, identification of deficits in one domain should lead to evaluation of the other.

In Korea, as the number of multicultural families formed through the marriage of Korean men and foreign women from lower-income countries such as China, Southeast Asia, and Central Asia increases, the psychosocial adaptation of adolescents from these families is becoming increasingly important. This study examines the longitudinal and reciprocal relationships among depressive symptoms, social withdrawal, self-esteem, and school adaptation in multicultural adolescents in high schools. We applied an autoregressive cross-lagged model to a sample of 594 multicultural adolescents extracted from three consecutive years of data from the Multicultural Adolescents Panel Survey and found that depressive symptoms and school adaptation had reciprocal negative relationships in multicultural adolescents' first and second years of high school. In these years, while higher school adaptation led to lower social withdrawal, social withdrawal did not affect school adaptation. In the second and third years of high school, self-esteem and school adaptation had a reciprocal positive relationship. Females had more severe psycho-emotional problems than males. Child neglect increased the risk of depressive symptoms and social withdrawal while lowering self-esteem. A high household income was associated with lower social withdrawal. Adolescents in urban areas exhibited higher levels of depressive symptoms, lower self-esteem, and poorer school adaptation compared to those in rural areas. These results imply that reducing parents' neglect of their children is necessary to alleviate depressive symptoms and school maladaptation among multicultural adolescents. Moreover, financial support for multicultural adolescents in their learning can improve school maladaptation and reduce social withdrawal.

Paying attention to body sensations has been associated with many positive outcomes such as increased subjective well-being, enhanced emotion regulation, and reduced symptom reports. Furthermore, body awareness has an important therapeutic utility in the treatment of various psychological ailments. Despite its importance in mental health, there is very little research on body awareness during adolescence and young adulthood - important developmental periods characterized by bodily changes and the development of one's relationship to one's body. Therefore, the present qualitative study sought to explore how body awareness is understood, experienced, and described by adolescents and young adults. Four online focus groups were conducted with young people between the ages of 14 and 24 ( = 20). Thematic analyses revealed a multidimensional and highly contextualized understanding and experience of body awareness in this age group. In general, young people reported mainly attending to intense and unpleasant body sensations with a particular attitude (e.g., accepting or avoidant) depending on the type of sensation, leading to a variety of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral reactions to these sensations. These processes were embedded in an underlying schema of beliefs about body awareness and an overarching physical and socio-cultural context. Results further revealed a more nuanced experience and understanding of body awareness in women and in young adults. The present findings can be used as a foundation for the development of body awareness theoretical frameworks and self-report instruments for youth and can aid the generating of hypotheses for future research on body awareness in this age group.

Infertility and its treatments result in considerable emotional burden. This study aimed to examine the impact of a stand-alone mobile mindfulness application (MoMiFer-app).