Diabetes significantly elevates the risk of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, indicating shared pathophysiological mechanisms. While ferroptosis is increasingly implicated in neurodegeneration, microglia - highly vulnerable to ferroptosis - may mediate this link. However, it remains unknown whether high glucose (HG) directly induces microglial ferroptosis.

This study investigated abnormal short- and long-range functional connectivity density (FCD) and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) within and outside the cortico-striatal-thalamic (CST) loop in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

Butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid produced by intestinal microbial fermentation of dietary fiber, serves as an endogenous ligand for the G protein-coupled receptors. Previous studies have confirmed the neuroprotective effects of sodium butyrate (NaB) in ischemic stroke, but its role in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remains unclear. Here, we investigated the potential therapeutic efficacy and underlying mechanisms of NaB in a rat SAH model.

This study aimed to investigate the impairments in white matter microstructure and glymphatic function in patients with post-traumatic brain injury (TBI) who exhibit disorders of consciousness (DoCs), as well as their relationships with levels of consciousness and clinical outcomes.

Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are rapidly inactivated following activation by acidic extracellular pH. Consequently, mechanisms beyond ASICs are likely involved in modulating neuronal excitability under sustained acidic conditions. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of sustained acidic pH on neuronal excitability.

Altered homotopic functional connectivity in primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and their underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. In our study, we investigated voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) alterations in patients with PACG and the molecular mechanisms of VMHC.

Neuropathic pain is a chronic condition involving microglial pyroptosis mediated by the NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Current treatments are limited, prompting the need for new therapies targeting these mechanisms. This study evaluates Procaine's effects on microglial pyroptosis and its underlying pathways.

This study investigated miR-7b's regulatory role in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and its interaction with gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor alpha 4 (GABRA4) during cue-induced heroin-seeking reinstatement.

This study aimed to examine the potential of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to alleviate myocardial injury in a rat model of vascular dementia (VaD) by restoring renin-angiotensin system (RAS) balance and inhibiting apoptosis.

Chronic psychological stress is a major cause of various psychiatric disorders, such as depression and anxiety; however, the pathophysiological features of these disorders remain largely unknown. Polysialic acid (PSA), a linear homopolymer of α2-8-linked sialic acid residues, binds to the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and is involved in cell-to-cell interactions during neural cell migration and neurite outgrowth. Decreased PSA and PSA-NCAM expression have been observed in the brains of patients with psychiatric disorders. Nevertheless, the relationship between psychological stress and PSA has not been clarified. Thus, we examined whether chronic social defeat stress (cSDS), a well-established psychosocial stress model in rodents, affects PSA levels in the male mouse brain.

Neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis and progression of Parkinson's disease. Verminoside (VMS) is a natural iridoid exhibiting anti-inflammatory properties. We aimed to investigate the effects of VMS on neuroinflammation and neuronal death in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated BV2 microglial cells and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced Parkinson's disease mouse models.

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a common and serious neurological complication of sepsis. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) in SAE-induced microglial pyroptosis and to identify new therapeutic targets for SAE treatment.

Intracranial aneurysms represent the primary source of subarachnoid hemorrhage, ranking as the third most common cerebrovascular disorder after cerebral thrombosis and hypertension-related brain hemorrhage. As a member of the GATA family transcription factors, the role of zinc finger GATA-like protein 1 (ZGLP1) was unclear in intracranial aneurysm. In the present research, the specific effects of ZGLP1 on the proliferation and phenotypic transformation of human aerobic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) were investigated.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) induces secondary brain injury, driven in part by oxidative stress caused by hemin, a toxic hemoglobin breakdown product. Cortical astrocytes, critical for maintaining redox homeostasis, are vulnerable to hemin-induced oxidative damage, exacerbating neuronal injury. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells (iPSC-NPCs) have shown therapeutic potential in brain injury models by promoting neural repair, but their ability to protect astrocytes against hemin toxicity remains unexplored. We hypothesized that iPSC-NPCs coculture mitigates hemin-induced oxidative stress in astrocytes by activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) antioxidant pathway.

In this study, we investigated the interactions between brain regions at different scales in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to classify patients with MCI who may develop Alzheimer's disease (MCI-Converter (MCI-c)) and those with stable cognitive states (MCI-Stable (MCI-s)) at multiple spatial scales.

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) represents a critical window for intervention before Alzheimer's disease progression. This study investigated whether high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (L-DLPFC) could modulate white matter microstructure and thereby influence cognitive function.

Diabetes significantly elevates the risk of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, indicating shared pathophysiological mechanisms. While ferroptosis is increasingly implicated in neurodegeneration, microglia - highly vulnerable to ferroptosis - may mediate this link. However, it remains unknown whether high glucose (HG) directly induces microglial ferroptosis.

This study investigated abnormal short- and long-range functional connectivity density (FCD) and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) within and outside the cortico-striatal-thalamic (CST) loop in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

Butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid produced by intestinal microbial fermentation of dietary fiber, serves as an endogenous ligand for the G protein-coupled receptors. Previous studies have confirmed the neuroprotective effects of sodium butyrate (NaB) in ischemic stroke, but its role in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remains unclear. Here, we investigated the potential therapeutic efficacy and underlying mechanisms of NaB in a rat SAH model.

Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are rapidly inactivated following activation by acidic extracellular pH. Consequently, mechanisms beyond ASICs are likely involved in modulating neuronal excitability under sustained acidic conditions. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of sustained acidic pH on neuronal excitability.

The mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) pretreatment for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) is unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether EA pretreatment attenuates CIRI through the miR-124/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)/Fas signaling pathway.