Accumulating evidence suggests that conscientiousness involves both adaptive and maladaptive aspects. However, the specific facets that constitute these contrasting aspects remain insufficiently understood. To address this gap, the present study examines the specific relationships between facets of conscientiousness and obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms. Utilizing a bi-factor model, we investigated how domain-level conscientiousness, and its facets relate to OC symptoms in two distinct samples: 388 college students (mean age = 20.64 ± 1.68 years) and 381 individuals from the general population (mean age = 25.19 ± 2.7 years). Across both groups, competence and dutifulness showed negative associations with OC symptoms (s ranging from -.61 to -.19), whereas achievement-striving and orderliness exhibited a positive correlation with these symptoms (s ranging from .18 to .30). Interestingly, domain-level conscientiousness was negatively associated with OC symptoms in college students but positively associated with these symptoms in the general population. Additionally, cautiousness demonstrated a positive association with OC symptoms in the general population. These findings underscore the significance of considering specific facets of conscientiousness to understand its dual nature and relationships with OC symptoms. By refining our understanding of these associations, this study contributes to the development of more targeted interventions for individuals with OC symptoms.

Parental phubbing refers to the extent to which parents reduce interaction with their children or ignore them when parents are distracted by their smartphones. Parental phubbing has been shown to negatively affect adolescents' psychological and behavioral outcomes, including prosocial behaviors. However, few studies have employed a longitudinal design to examine the relation, leaving the underlying mediating and moderating mechanisms largely unexplored. Guided by attachment theory and the risky families model, the current study aimed to investigate the relation between parental phubbing and prosocial behaviors, and explore the mediating role of loneliness and the moderating role of neuroticism. A total of 2,407 Chinese adolescents (50.23% girl, = 12.75, = .58 at baseline) from seven schools was assessed at three time points: T1, T2 (12 months after T1) and T3 (12 months after T2). Using a longitudinal moderated mediation model and controlling for age, sex, family socioeconomic status, and baseline prosocial behaviors, higher parental phubbing at T1 predicted lower prosocial behaviors at T3. Loneliness at T2 played a mediating role between parental phubbing at T1 and prosocial behaviors at T3. Moreover, neuroticism at T1 moderated the relation between parental phubbing and prosocial behaviors, as well as loneliness and prosocial behaviors. Specifically, for adolescents high in neuroticism, higher parental phubbing was associated with lower prosocial behaviors while this association was nonsignificant for adolescents low in neuroticism. For adolescents low in neuroticism, higher loneliness was associated with lower prosocial behaviors while this association was nonsignificant for adolescents high in neuroticism.

Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a serious mental health issues among emerging adults. Despite previous theory positing the potential role of filial piety, a Chinese-culture specific psychosocial factor, in NSSI, yet few studies have investigated the association between them. This study aimed to examine the impacts of reciprocal and authoritarian filial piety (RFP/AFP) on emerging adults' NSSI through positive/negative self-compassion (PSC/NSC). A total of 2,320 Chinese college students (58.6% females) were included. Three waves of longitudinal data were collected with six-month intervals. At Time 1, filial piety, self-compassion and NSSI were assessed. Then, self-compassion was assessed again at Time 2, and NSSI was assessed again at Time 3. Finally, structural equation model was established to test the research hypotheses. Our results indicated that RFP increased NSC and subsequently increased NSSI (β = .007, 95%CI = [.001, .015], = .018), but predominantly decreased NSSI by increasing PSC (β = -0.014, 95%CI = [-0.023, -0.007], < .001). Conversely, AFP decreased both PSC (β = .007, 95%CI = [.002, .014], = .002) and NSC (β = -0.006, 95%CI = [-0.013, -0.001], = .016), but predominantly increased NSSI more by decreasing PSC. These findings highlight the important role of filial piety in emerging adults' NSSI and elucidate its dual effects on NSSI self-compassion. Preliminary insights that may inform practical implications were provided by these findings.

This study examined the influence of fundamental psychological needs, entrapment, and conflict resolution on the mental pain of young adults, with ego strength serving as a moderating variable. The sample consisted of 320 young adults recruited a web-based public call and selected using purposive selection in a cross-sectional design. The data was gathered utilizing the Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction Scales (BPNS), Entrapment Scale (ES), Conflict Resolution Questionnaire (CRQ), Psychosocial Inventory of Ego Strengths (PIES), and Orbach and Mikulincer Mental Pain Scale (OMMP). The analysis indicated that fundamental psychological needs, entrapment, conflict resolution, and ego strength exert a strong direct influence on mental pain. Furthermore, fundamental psychological needs and conflict resolution exert a substantial indirect influence on mental pain the mediating function of ego strength. Moreover, ego strength substantially influenced both the magnitude and orientation of the association between entrapment and mental pain. Collectively, all independent, mediator, and moderator variables of the SEM model accounted for 75.8% of the variance in mental pain. This study indicates a proportionate SEM for the direct and indirect roles of fundamental psychological needs, entrapment, and conflict resolution on mental pain, mediated and moderated by ego strength. These findings have implications for psychotherapeutic interventions and community-based initiatives targeting mental pain in young adults.

Life satisfaction is a key indicator of college students' quality of life, and social support has a positive effect on it, but specific mechanisms need to be explored. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between perceived social support and life satisfaction among college students, as well as the chain-mediated effects of physical activity and self-control in this relationship.

This study explored possible mechanisms underlying the relationship between alexithymia and mobile phone addiction. The participants comprised 2,500 university students who were asked to complete the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, the Interaction Anxiousness Scale, the Core Self-evaluations Scale, and the Mobile Phone Addiction Index. The research found that social anxiety and core self-evaluation partially mediated the effect of alexithymia on mobile phone addiction, accounting for 22.5% and 42.4% of the total variance, respectively. When working sequentially, the relationship between alexithymia and mobile phone addiction was mediated by social anxiety and mobile phone addiction. The implications of the findings for preventing mobile phone addiction among college students are discussed.

Newly graduated nurses entering the workforce often encounter impostor phenomenon (IP), which produces feelings of intellectual phoniness and inadequacy despite personal achievements. We aimed to examine the extent of IP among newly graduated nurses entering the workforce in Saudi Arabia. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted a self-administered questionnaire in three hospitals in Saudi Arabia. The collected data, including sociodemographic characteristics and the Clance Imposter Phenomenon Scale, were analyzed using descriptive statistics, -tests, analysis of variance, and multiple regression. Among 101 participants, 16.8%, 52.5%, and 30.7% exhibited few IP characteristics, moderate IP, and frequent IP, respectively. Nurses who had less than one year of experience and those working in the obstetrics and gynecology department seemed more susceptible to IP. The emotional and professional impact of IP on early-career nurses emphasizes the importance of structured support systems, psychological interventions, and mentorship to build a more resilient and confident nursing workforce and improve patient care. Addressing IP among new nurses is essential for their retention and mental well-being, as well as for patient safety. Educators, administrators, and policymakers are encouraged to implement resilience training, peer support, and mentorship programs to help nurses navigate professional challenges with confidence, consequently enhancing individual well-being and improving the broader field of nursing.

Increasing evidence indicates a meaningful association between childhood trauma and Internet addiction; however, less is known with respect to the psychological mechanism underlying this relationship. The present study examined the serial mediating roles of emotion dysregulation and depression, and the moderating role of resilience, in the link between childhood trauma and Internet addiction. A total of 869 university students ( = 57.2%,  = 42.8%; M= 20.76 ± 1.61) participated in the study. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Brief Form (DERS-16), and the Internet Addiction Test-Short Form (IAT-SF) were used as the data collection tools. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive associations among childhood trauma, emotion dysregulation, depression, and Internet addiction, but resilience was negatively correlated with these variables. Further analyses demonstrated that childhood trauma predicted Internet addiction indirectly through emotion dysregulation and depression while its direct effect was not significant. These indirect effects, however, were diminished by resilience, supporting a moderated mediation model. Accordingly, emotion dysregulation and depression may serve as psychological mechanisms that transfer the impacts of childhood trauma to Internet addiction, but resilience could mitigate these effects. Interventions that target these psychological factors may help reduce the problem of Internet addiction among university students with a history of childhood trauma.

Flow, a state of deep absorption in an activity, is linked to enhanced performance and well-being. Mindfulness, emphasizing present-moment awareness and acceptance, may promote flow. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the impact of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on flow state and trait in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Following PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and Google Scholar were searched (2022, updated January 2024). Inclusion criteria followed PICOS standards: healthy participants following a MBI or control intervention, using validated flow assessments. Exclusion criteria were non-peer-reviewed, qualitative studies, non-RCT designs, and clinical populations. Risk of bias was assessed with Cochrane's RoB2 tool. Eight RCTs (293 participants, 52% female, median intervention duration 7 weeks) met inclusion criteria. The random-effects meta-analysis showed a positive effect of MBIs on flow outcomes (SMD = 0.777, 95% CI [0.505, 1.049],  < 0.0001), with low heterogeneity (I = 22.59%, PI = [0.3230, 1.2314]). Publication bias was minimal, as indicated by Egger's test ( = 0.108) and trim-and-fill analyses. Although 50% of the included studies were rated as having a high risk of bias, sensitivity analyses did not reveal important deviations from mean effect. Studies suggest that MBIs meaningfully enhance flow state and trait. Mechanistic insights suggest that MBIs improve flow by enhancing attention, present-moment awareness, and reducing self-critical thoughts. However, small sample sizes and high risk of bias warrant caution. Future research should investigate dose-response and follow-up effects of interventions on specific dimensions of flow and ensure a rigorous assessment of bias risk and evidence synthesis.

ChatGPT has emerged as a focal point of interest among researchers and practitioners. However, little empirical research has examined its usage. Based on the Five Factor Model and the Technology Acceptance Model, this research examines the relationships between personality traits, specifically extraversion, openness, and conscientiousness, and ChatGPT usage, with social image and computer self-efficacy serving as mediators. In March 2023, this study surveyed 784 users in China, consisting of 462 males and 322 females, with an average age of 23.7. Our analysis reveals that extraversion, openness, and conscientiousness are positively associated with ChatGPT usage through sequential mediating involving social image and computer self-efficacy. While these traits demonstrate indirect associations with usage, openness and conscientiousness lack direct relationships with ChatGPT usage, and neither extraversion nor openness directly relates to computer self-efficacy. These findings offer in-depth perspectives for generative artificial intelligence technology developers and marketers to enhance user engagement strategies at their early stages.

Child maltreatment is a risk factor for developing psychopathic traits and other externalizing problems. However, little is known about the relationship between specific sorts of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), psychopathic traits, and related externalizing problems, especially in non-English-speaking countries. Therefore, this study investigates the role of ACEs in a wide range of externalizing problems, including psychopathic traits, in a sample of Spanish emerging adults. A total of 490 Spanish participants (62.4% female), aged 18-20 ( = 18.90), participated. Participants retrospectively completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire, and the Youth Psychopathic Inventory. They were recruited from community settings, using convenience and snowball sampling methods. Results showed that the number of ACEs predicted a higher likelihood of psychopathic traits, police problems, and drug use. Sexual abuse was the ACE with greater predictive power for future psychopathic traits. A common pattern was observed in the use of substances as a coping strategy in the face of a variety of ACEs (specifically physical abuse, sexual abuse, and household substance abuse). Nonetheless, witnessing domestic violence acted as a protective factor decreasing the odds of drug use. There was also evidence of intergenerational transmission of incarcerated relatives and the higher probability of the participants being in jail or prison, and household substance abuse and the higher substance use and alcohol consumption in participants. These findings strengthen the link between ACEs, psychopathic traits, and related outcomes, highlighting the critical policy relevance of ACEs research across disciplines.

Studies have shown anxious-ambivalent attachment commonly characterizes cyberbullying victims. Similarly, studies have shown an association between anxious-ambivalent attachment and problematic internet use (PIU). Previous studies have explained this asso-ciation by noting the high interpersonal needs of individuals with anxious-ambivalent attachment who are looking for social contact. Studies have demonstrated the destructive consequences of PIU, including cybervictimization. However, the possibility that PIU mediates the association between anxious-ambivalent attachment and cybervictimization has not been examined yet. Accordingly, this study aimed to: (1) examine the association between anxious-ambivalent attachment and PIU; (2) assess the relationship between PIU and cybervictimization; and (3) explore PIU's mediating effect between anxious-ambivalent attachment and cybervictimization. The sample comprised 170 Israeli young adults (63 men, 107 women), aged 19-34 ( = 26.26, SD = 3.02). Data were collected from October to December during the first semester of the academic year. Results showed that anxious-ambivalent attachment was significantly correlated with both PIU and cybervictimization, and PIU was correlated with cybervictimization. In addition, PIU fully mediated the relationship between anxious-ambivalent attachment and cybervictimization. These findings suggest that individuals with higher anxious-ambivalent attachment may engage in greater PIU, increasing their risk of cybervictimization. Integrating attachment- and PIU-focused interventions into prevention programs may reduce cybervictimization risk.

This three-wave longitudinal study examined the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and adolescent mental health problems (depression, anxiety, and stress) by testing the mediating role of attentional control and the moderating role of self-esteem. 1150 adolescents ( = 15.96/0.97 years, 55% female) completed a self-report questionnaire on dispositional mindfulness and mental health problems at T1 (baseline), attentional control and self-esteem at T2 (three-month follow-up), and mental health problems at T3 (six-month follow-up). Results showed that dispositional mindfulness at T1 negatively predicted mental health problems at T3, and attentional control at T2 mediated this association. In addition, self-esteem at T2 moderated the pathway from attentional control at T2 to depression at T3, suggesting that attentional control has a stronger predictive effect on depression in adolescents with low self-esteem. The findings highlight attentional control as a key mechanism of dispositional mindfulness in alleviating mental health problems, particularly for adolescents with low self-esteem. Implications for prevention and intervention in adolescent mental health problems are discussed.

This study examines a serial mediation framework to gain a deeper understanding of how social media use affects mental health. Many young people experience a sense of emotional overload from constant connectivity (i.e., digital stress), which may be one of the earliest signs of psychological strain, and the impact on self-concept clarity may further compound these effects. Thus, we examined how digital stress and self-concept clarity may serially mediate the relation between social media use and depressive symptoms. The study sample consisted of 995 Romanian participants aged 17 to 79 ( = 25.05, SD = 9.52; 63.22% female). Results suggested a positive association between digital stress and social media use and a negative association between self-concept clarity, digital stress, and depressive symptoms. Results also indicated a significant link between prolonged social media usage and digital stress, as well as a correlation between elevated digital stress levels and low self-concept clarity scores, which in turn, seemed to contribute to the development of depressive symptoms. However, the relation between digital stress and self-concept clarity did not fully account for the positive correlation between social media usage time and depressive symptoms. Thus, the mediation effect was incomplete, as the direct relationship between social media use and depressive symptoms persisted, remaining positive and statistically significant. We discuss these findings in terms of their practical implications for mitigating the effects of social media use on individuals' mental health, with a focus on the relationship between digital stress and self-concept clarity.

Phishing attacks account for a sizable number of data breaches and are costly to individuals and organizations. A burgeoning literature is developing on how individual differences predict people's susceptibility to phishing attacks. Within this literature, an intriguing idea has been proffered: People higher (vs. lower) in the Dark Triad (DT) constructs (narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy) - best known for victimizing others - may be more susceptible to phishing attacks. Nonetheless, the relationship between DT constructs and phishing susceptibility is rarely studied and remains poorly understood. We proposed that the relationship between DT constructs and phishing susceptibility could be due to these constructs being associated with deficiencies in the social awareness aspect of social-cognitive intelligence. College participants ( = 461) completed multi-faceted measures of DT constructs and measures of their social awareness, cognitive reflectiveness, and social information processing ability. Participants were exposed to various phishing emails, and we measured their susceptibility to respond to them. Generally, each DT facet related to greater susceptibility to phishing due to the facet's association with lower social awareness (controlling for cognitive reflectiveness and social information processing); only an agentic aspect of narcissism related to enhanced phishing susceptibility apart from its association with social awareness, cognitive reflectiveness, and social information processing. Broadly, the findings offer initial insight into how the DT may relate to phishing susceptibility and may help inform efforts to better understand who is vulnerable to phishing scams.

This study aimed to examine the relationship between psychological flexibility and ontological well-being among adults. The participants consisted of 477 adults aged 18 to 65 years ( = 25.84,  = 7.62), recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected using a demographic information form, the Psychological Flexibility Scale, and the Ontological Well-Being Scale. Pearson correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and independent samples t-tests were conducted to analyze the data. The results indicated that psychological flexibility was positively associated with ontological well-being. Furthermore, male participants and those who were married or in a romantic relationship reported higher levels of psychological flexibility and ontological well-being. Additionally, even after controlling for age, gender, relationship status, and socioeconomic status, the sub-dimensions of psychological flexibility significantly predicted ontological well-being. The strongest predictors of ontological well-being were the defusion, acceptance, and present-moment-awareness sub-dimensions of psychological flexibility, respectively. In conclusion, interventions aimed at enhancing psychological flexibility may contribute significantly to improving ontological well-being among adults.

Childhood maltreatment is a known risk factor for physical and mental health, often reducing adult life satisfaction. Despite its importance, few studies have examined the relationship between childhood maltreatment and loneliness/life satisfaction from the perspective of sleep problems. A sample of 779 participants (40.4% males, M = 25.97 years, SD = 6.36) completed an online questionnaire assessing childhood maltreatment, sleep problems, loneliness, and life satisfaction. Using structural equation modeling, a serial mediation model was tested to examine the pathways linking these variables. Additionally, network analysis was employed to explore the interrelationships between sleep problems and loneliness. The results indicated that childhood maltreatment was negatively associated with life satisfaction. Furthermore, sleep problems and loneliness sequentially mediated this relationship, suggesting that childhood maltreatment may lead to increased sleep disturbances, which in turn exacerbate feelings of loneliness, ultimately reducing life satisfaction. Network analysis revealed that "Medication intake" play a central role in the covariation between these constructs. The results underscore the chain-mediated role of sleep problems and loneliness in the association between childhood maltreatment and life satisfaction. The findings suggest that interventions targeting sleep disturbances and loneliness could be effective strategies for improving life satisfaction among individuals with a history of childhood maltreatment. This study offers practical implications for intervention programs aimed at enhancing well-being in affected populations.

The current study investigated the effects of emotional empathy and self-assertiveness on interpersonal success through the mediating role of managing interpersonal conflicts using structural equation modeling (SEM). The sample of this study was 294 young adults in Yasuj City, Iran, who were selected using the purposive sampling method in a cross-sectional study. The Emotional Empathy Scale (EES), the Assertion Inventory (AI), the Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory-Form A (ROC-II), and the Basic Adlerian Scales for Interpersonal Success-Adult Form (BASIS-A) were utilized for data collection. The results indicated that emotional empathy, self-assertiveness, and conflict management significantly correlate with interpersonal success. Emotional empathy and self-assertiveness show a significantly indirect correlation with interpersonal success, which is mediated by managing interpersonal conflicts. Also, emotional empathy, self-assertiveness, and management of interpersonal conflicts collectively accounted for 74.9% of the variance in interpersonal success within this sample. The findings demonstrated a well-structured SEM that depicts the effects of emotional empathy and self-assertiveness on interpersonal success, mediated by managing interpersonal conflicts. These findings have implications for psychological interventions targeting interpersonal issues in adults.

Understanding the intricate social and psychological processes influencing mental health is key to crafting effective treatments. Intimate romantic relationships play an important role in individual well-being. The aftermath of relationship dissolution can have devastating emotional effects, particularly in cases of deception or betrayal, such as infidelity. The current study aimed to explore women's actual and anticipated responses to infidelity in their romantic relationships. Specifically, this study focused on the roles of personality, self-esteem, adult attachment, and commitment in forgiveness and relationship continuation. Four hundred heterosexual women ( = 22.27 years old,  = 6.30) responded to study measures. About 49% of the sample reported real experiences of partner cheating, and 43% of those women chose to stay post-infidelity. The research findings suggest that previous experiences with infidelity and personality, specifically extraversion, may be predictive of women's anticipated reactions to a partner's affair ( = .002). Attachment style and self-esteem may also weakly relate to forgiveness and relationship stability for imagined instances of infidelity. For actual reactions to infidelity, results related to intrapersonal variables and past cheating experiences were inconclusive ( = .894). In this sample, women were more inclined to forgive emotional infidelity than sexual infidelity. Due to the small effects observed, the results of this study should be interpreted with caution. Future research into the underlying intrapersonal factors influencing responses to infidelity is warranted. Insights gained from this study could contribute to developing effective treatment interventions for individuals and couples navigating the complexities of relational dishonesty.

Body surveillance was found to be positively associated with adolescent suicidal ideation. However, the underlying mechanism of how body surveillance affects suicidal ideation and sex differences in this relationship remains to be examined. The current study aims to investigate the potential mediating effects of body shame and self-criticism in the association between body surveillance and suicidal ideation, as well as sex differences in the model using a longitudinal design. A total of 1,653 Chinese adolescents ( = 16.77, = 0.84; 41.9% males) were followed over three waves, 2 months apart. Results indicated that body surveillance did not affect suicidal ideation directly, but through the mediation of self-criticism and the serial mediation of body shame and self-criticism. Sex differences also existed in the mediation model. These findings identified two mediation variables in the association between body surveillance and suicidal ideation in adolescence. Further interventions are needed to develop effective prevention and intervention strategies targeting adolescent body surveillance behaviors.

This research ( = 487) extends prior research on relational sacrifices by analyzing the influence of communal strength on the perceived costs and benefits of making work and family sacrifices. It also analyzes the role of feeling authentic and appreciated by the partner for making these sacrifices in the perception. Regarding work sacrifices, the findings documented that those women (but not men) high in communal strength perceived greater benefits of making them because they felt more authentic and feeling greater partner appreciation. Concerning family sacrifices, the results revealed that communal strength did not predict the benefits of making these sacrifices. Nonetheless, we found that both women and men who felt more authentic after making a family sacrifice perceived more benefits because they experienced greater partner appreciation. In general, this pattern seems to reflect that women value family and work sacrifices, with the last ones triggered by the motivation to satisfy the needs of others (communal strength). In contrast, regardless of the communal strength, men continue to value only family sacrifices without considering work sacrifices.

Social-emotional skills serve to fortify contemporary students, boosting their capacity to navigate stress and enhance their ability to form and maintain positive social bonds. This study ascertained the influence of parental warmth on the social-emotional competencies of college students, examining potential mediating mechanisms through their social and psychological well-being. Utilizing structural equation modeling (SEM) with data collected from 362 participants, findings demonstrated that both maternal and paternal warmth positively affected students' psychological well-being. Notably, it was observed that paternal warmth played a significant role in predicting students' social well-being, while maternal warmth did not exhibit the same level of significance. Additionally, it was found that both maternal and paternal warmth exerted positive influence on students' social-emotional skills by way of fostering their psychological and social well-being. These results underscored the nuanced roles of parental warmth in shaping the emotional and social development of emerging adults, highlighting the interconnectedness of psychological and social factors in parental impact research.

Understanding the impact of changes in perceived stress on mental health is critical for advancing targeted interventions; however, the psychological mechanisms underpinning these processes remain largely unexplored. Grounded in the Dual-Factor System of Mental Health (DFM) and Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, this study explores the intra-individual effects of changes in perceived stress on depression and flourishing, focusing on resources such as meaning in life, perceived social support, and individual autonomy. A total of 1,315 college students were surveyed during the COVID-19 college closures (T1) and subsequent reopening (T2). Latent Change Score Models revealed that only changes in perceived social support and individual autonomy served as protective mediators for changes in depression, while all resources contributed to changes in flourishing. Network analysis further supports the protective role of changes in perceived social support on depression and identifies changes in flourishing as central. These findings enhance our understanding of stress coping by capturing the detailed dynamics of both positive and negative dimensions, while providing actionable insights for developing context-specific resource interventions to address challenges in mental health.

Social support plays an important role in helping female college students in particular to achieve and feel well in the face of changing social circumstances. The present study aims to delve into the specific mechanisms through which social support contributes to enhancing life satisfaction among female college students. Therefore, a serial mediation model was tested to examine the relationship between social support, grit, basic psychological needs satisfaction, and life satisfaction among female college students. 588 female college students residing in China, with an average age of 19 years (SD = 1.29), participated in this study. The instruments used included the Social Support Scale, the Grit Scale, the Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction Scale, and the Life Satisfaction Scale. Correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and structural equation modeling (SEM) were employed to examine the relationships among the variables. The study findings reveal a positive association between higher levels of social support and increased grit, as well as satisfaction of basic psychological needs among female college students. The structural equation modeling confirms the validity of the serial mediation model. This model suggests that social support is a significant predictor of holistic well-being, with its influence on life satisfaction being partially mediated by grit and basic psychological needs satisfaction. The findings underscore the importance of social support as a potential pathway to enhancing life satisfaction through the cultivation of grit and the satisfaction of psychological needs.

This study investigated the effects of employees' dark triad traits and leadership styles on employees' work outcomes among Chinese employees ( = 332). Four leadership scenarios were designed, based on a combination of leadership agency and communion, in order to capture goal-oriented and people-oriented leadership behaviors. Participants were randomly assigned to a leadership scenario and filled out a work-related questionnaire after reading it. We used hierarchical regression models to conduct the analyses. Next to significant direct effects of employees' dark triad traits and leadership styles on work outcomes, there were significant interaction effects between employees' Machiavellianism and leadership styles on their work outcomes. More specifically, compared to other leadership styles, high agency-low communion leadership was more likely to activate counterproductive work behavior (CWB) and emotional exhaustion among Machiavellians. No interaction effects occurred for narcissism and psychopathy.

The growing number of primary studies and reviews on loneliness, and the multidisciplinary efforts to comprehend this complex phenomenon from various perspectives, underscore the heightened recognition of its impact on individual and societal well-being and health. To comprehensively assess the size and scope of this research field, we conducted a scoping review of 35 English-language reviews of primary studies on loneliness, published between 2001 and 2023. Focusing specifically on psychological research, these reviews covered a total of  = 1,089 studies, which were conducted between 1986 and 2022. In addition to providing a broad overview of the structure of the field, the present scoping review aimed to explore the methodological landscape of loneliness research, including data collection, sample demographics, and measures, and to present key topics and evidence in the field. By deepening the understanding of loneliness and identifying data gaps and methodological challenges, our analyses provide critical insights for future research endeavors, thereby fostering advances in the field.

Prior work has documented that parental psychological and behavioral control have varying impacts on self-regulation skills and social-academic outcomes in early adolescence, with effects differing across cultures. The present study explores the role of psychological and behavioral control in predicting adjustment difficulties and academic self-confidence through self-regulatory skills among early adolescents in Turkiye using data from mothers and their children ( = 295, N=145, M=12.14 years). The results yielded that parental behavioral control, but not psychological control, predicts self-regulation of adolescents, which, in turn, predicts adjustment and academic self-efficacy. Our results underscore the pivotal role of parental knowledge and monitoring, mainly through behavioral control strategies, in fostering psychological adjustment and academic self-efficacy in the Turkish cultural context. The discussion delves into the potential culture-specific effects of psychological control and the universal influence of behavioral control during early adolescence.

When it comes to the problem of whether empathy is essential in interpersonal interactions, the answer is undoubtedly affirmative. However, it is important to acknowledge that empathy doesn't always lead to favorable outcomes. When examining the exchange of emotional support between individuals within the framework of empathy, concerns arise regarding its effects on the recipient's psychological health when they perceive their partner's empathy as unjust or unequal. We focus on two key aspects in the family environment: the perceived differences in empathy between 'partner toward others' and 'partner toward me' (DIF1), and similarly, between 'me toward the partner' and 'partner toward me' (DIF2). This study aims to shed light on the relationship between the perceived differences in empathy and depression, and its underlying mechanisms from the perspective of empathy recipients. Drawing on survey data from 745 participants, we found that: DIF1, as well as DIF2, could positively predict depression. Personal relative deprivation mediates the relationship between perceived differences in cognitive empathy and individual depression, and high levels of zero-sum beliefs exacerbate the predictive role of relative deprivation on depression. However, no significant predictive role was found in the aspect of affective empathy.

Past research has shown that parental bonding contributes to the psychological well-being of emerging adults; however, the mechanisms of this effect are unclear. Therefore, this study examined the mediator roles of anger expression, anger control, and anxiety in the association between parental bonding (care and overprotection) and life satisfaction. 369 Italian young adults ( = 242, = 127) completed self-report measures including the Parental Bonding Instrument, State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Satisfaction with Life Scale. The results revealed that anxiety was a mediator between parental overprotection and life satisfaction. Anger control mediated the relationship between parental care and life satisfaction. Negative expressions of anger mediated the relationship between maternal overprotection and life satisfaction. Also, negative expressions of anger mediated the link between paternal low care and life satisfaction. These findings demonstrated that maternal and paternal bonding might play a role in the life satisfaction of young adults through different underlying psycho-emotional mechanisms.

This study investigated the relationships between familial factors in terms of parental autonomy support and parental support and Vocational Education and Training (VET) students' learning motivation, learning approaches, and cognitive flexibility. In this cross-sectional study, a convenient sample of 557 VET students (males = 56.7% and females = 43.35; mean age = 18.41 and SD = 0.85) from ten vocational schools in Bangkok areas, Thailand, responded to a questionnaire of adapted scales on familial factors (i.e., parental autonomy support and parental support), learning motivation (i.e., intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and utility value), learning approaches (i.e., deep learning approaches and surface learning approaches), and cognitive flexibility (i.e., alternatives). Structural equation analyses revealed that parental autonomy support had indirect relationship with alternatives learning motivation and deep learning approaches, whereas parental support had both direct and indirect association with alternatives through learning motivation and deep learning approaches. Surface learning approaches were not found to significantly predict alternatives. These findings suggest that a familial context that stresses autonomy support and helpful support from parents can motivate VET students to learn and adopt deep approaches to learning, which in turn encourages the development of their cognitive flexibility.