By analyzing penile measurement values, this study explored the changes in the degree of penile concealment in infants under 12 months of age, to reflect whether surgical treatment is necessary.

This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP22) in patients with bladder cancer.

This study aimed to determine whether asperuloside (ASP) inhibits the proliferation and invasion of bladder cancer (BLCA) cells and its ability to undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by downregulating activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) signalling.

Patients undergoing intravesical chemotherapy following transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) frequently face challenges including insufficient disease-related knowledge, inadequate self-management skills during chemotherapy intervals and discontinuity in routine postoperative care. This study aimed to investigate the effects of continuity of care patterns on cancer-related fatigue, self-care ability, fear of recurrence and risk of complications.

Haemorrhoidectomy, although an important intervention for the management of haemorrhoids, is associated with a risk of postoperative urinary retention in some patients, impacting prognosis and quality of life. This single-centre retrospective study evaluates the efficacy of acupoint moxibustion in the management of post-haemorrhoidectomy urinary retention.

Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system. Although lymphoepithelial carcinoma can occur in the liver, breast, thymus, lungs, skin, and other organs, its presence in the urinary system is exceptionally rare.

Although rare, testicular adenomatoid tumours are the most common benign neoplasms of the paratesticular region, particularly affecting the epididymis and spermatic cord. These benign mesothelial-derived tumours rarely undergo malignant transformation and are typically managed with surgical excision. However, their clinical presentation may mimic the tumours arising from the testis, either benign or malignant, leading to grave consequences.

This study aims to evaluate the predictive utility of multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) in assessing the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

The rare metabolic disease, adenine phosphoribosyl transferase (APRT) deficiency, is asymptomatic in many cases until it is discovered in terminal renal failure. The most frequent complication is 2,8-dihydroxyadenine (2,8-DHA) urolithiasis. Stones, which are frequently bilateral and recurrent, appear in childhood in one-third of cases.

Bladder cancer (BC) is a common urological malignancy. Radical cystectomy (RC) is the standard therapeutic intervention for muscle-invasive BC (MIBC) and selected cases of non-MIBC, frequently necessitating subsequent urinary diversion. Orthotopic neobladder reconstruction is a commonly used option designed to preserve urinary continence. Delayed complications may manifest following RC and neobladder creation. This work presents a rare case of inguinoscrotal herniation involving an orthotopic neobladder, occurring 10 years after RC. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first reported case of this complication managed through conservative treatment.

Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) to the bladder is extremely rare. A total of 1.6% of the patients were found via autopsy reports.

Segmental testicular infarction (STI) is a rare, benign condition that often mimics testicular tumours, leading to diagnostic challenges and, at times, unnecessary orchiectomies. The clinical challenge is the lack of a consensus regarding which imaging tools should be used to characterise the testicular lesions and which one is the most reliable.

Prostatic extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumors (EGISTs) are notably uncommon, and the effectiveness of radical prostatectomy in managing these tumors has not been definitively established.

To evaluate the therapeutic effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on erectile dysfunction (ED), follow up on its continued effects, and analyze the effects of age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, drinking, diabetes, and hypertension on it.

Bladder cancer has a high recurrence rate and presents postoperative challenges that impact patient recovery. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programs, which incorporate nutritional and psychological strategies, have demonstrated benefits in perioperative care. This study evaluates the effect of a novel nutritional-psychological dual-wheel-driven ERAS protocol on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing bladder cancer surgery.

Prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) is the most prevalent malignancy in men and frequently evades early detection. However, the role of genes containing adenylate uridylate- (AU-) rich elements (AREGs) in PRAD remains largely uncharacterized.

This study aims to explore the correlation of serum inhibin B, endothelin (ET) and human epididymal secretory protein 4 (HE4) with sperm quality in patients with varicocele (VC) to provide new insights for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.

Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) is minimally invasive with rapid recovery, whereas tamsulosin hydrochloride promotes stone expulsion and reduces pain. Whether their combination has a synergistic effect on treating renal calculi ≤2 cm remains unclear. This study aims to explore the efficacy and safety of RIRS combined with tamsulosin in such patients using single-centre data.

This study aimed to investigate the pathogen distribution and drug resistance of sodium-glucose cotransporter protein-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors in patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) during the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and fatal adrenal cortex cancer with a poor prognosis and high mortality rate. Although surgical resection is the primary treatment for ACC, recurrence is still common. p21-activated kinase 4 () is linked to tumour development and progression, being overexpressed in various cancers. However, the role of in ACC remains unclear.