Firefighters experience chronic occupational stress due to frequent trauma exposure and shift work, which contributes to stress-related symptoms such as sleep disturbance and somatic complaints. Despite a few neuroimaging studies in this population, white matter (WM) integrity and its clinical implications remain insufficiently understood. We investigated WM microstructural alterations in firefighters and explored their associations with occupational stress and related symptoms.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress is implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) development. This study aims to identify ER stress-related genes associated with AD risk.

Extensive evidence indicates that lifestyle and air pollution levels are strongly associated with psychiatric disorders. However, few studies in this field have integrated these two factors to examine their relationship with psychiatric disorders.

The aim of this research is to investigate how adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), specifically threatening (TrACEs) and depriving (DrACEs) ACEs, are linked to social isolation through a cohort study design, and to analyze how cumulative average sensory impairment plays a role in mediating this connection.

Persons with depression are differentially affected by metabolic alterations, notably, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Metabolic alterations affect acute pharmacotherapy response and predispose risk for cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to extend knowledge pertaining to the depression-metabolic alteration association by evaluating whether depressive symptom severity moderates the association.

Sleep disorders are potential risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but their genetic association and shared gene mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigate the genetic correlation between AD and four sleep disorders phenotypes, and examined AD-sleep shared pathways in major depressive disorder (MDD) to assess a broader neuropsychiatric implication.

No clinically useful biomarkers currently predict antidepressant response to ketamine in treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder (BD). This study investigated whether baseline thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels are associated with ketamine's antidepressant, anti-anhedonic, and anti-suicidal effects.

Avoidance and family accommodation are common in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). While family accommodation has received considerable investigation, avoidance in pediatric OCD has been comparatively understudied. Despite this, avoidance can mask overall symptom severity, hinder accurate diagnosis, and impede treatment effectiveness. This study characterized avoidance behaviors and their clinical correlates in 101 treatment-seeking children and adolescents (54% male; ages 7 to 17) diagnosed with OCD. Avoidance was measured using the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale-II (CY-BOCS-II), and both youth self- and parent-report were used to assess depression, anxiety, family accommodation, and functional impairment. Avoidance behaviors were highly prevalent, with 76% of participants endorsing avoidance in at least one domain. Youth with avoidance demonstrated significantly higher OCD symptom severity, greater self-reported mood symptoms, increased family accommodation, and more functional impairment. Preliminary mediation analyses highlight that avoidance has a significant indirect effect on the relationship between OCD symptom severity and parent-reported functional impairment. Findings underscore the importance of assessing avoidance in youth with OCD to accurately capture its impact on functional impairment and guide targeted intervention.

Maternal adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are risk factors for increased mental health difficulties. However, intergenerational transmission mechanisms between maternal ACEs and adolescent behavioral difficulties are poorly understood. This study examined the mediating effects of maternal controlling parenting and youth-perceived mother-child attachment on the association between maternal ACEs and adolescent internalizing and externalizing behaviors.

Increased mental health-related outpatient visits among adolescents have been reported worldwide.

Experiences of gender identity invalidation (henceforth invalidation) occur when others do not to accept one's gender identity as "real" or "valid," and can be understood as a unique minority stressor, one that we conceptualize as a distinct form of enacted stigma (discrimination). We examine the association of invalidation with other minority stressors - internalized stigma (shame) and felt stigma (expectations of rejection) - and suicide risk (ideation and attempts in the past year). Cross-sectional data are drawn from a large and diverse sample of trans and nonbinary (TNB) individuals (N = 303) surveyed in New York City, the San Francisco Bay Area, and Greater Atlanta to present a preliminary examination of how experiences of invalidation may be associated with other minority stressors and suicide risk. We propose a path analytical framework for theorizing about these relationships. A series of paths within a structural equation model, which are adjusted for sociodemographic factors (sex assigned at birth, nonbinary gender identity, race/ethnicity, education, age, and income) and a more general measure of discrimination, suggest that invalidation experiences are directly associated with feelings of shame, expectations of rejection, and past-year suicide attempts. In addition, these analyses suggest that invalidation experiences are indirectly associated with past-year suicide ideation, through their association with expectations of rejection. These cross-sectional findings suggest that invalidation, which is largely unexamined in existing research, merits greater attention as a particularly pernicious minority stressor that may directly and indirectly increase suicide risk in gender minority populations.

Adolescent major depressive disorder (MDD) has become a growing public health concern, with rising prevalence over the past decade and significant impacts on social, academic, and occupational functioning. However, diagnosing adolescent MDD is hindered by limited specialist access and time-consuming gold-standard interviews. Therefore, it is imperative to develop an adolescent MDD detection system to provide auxiliary diagnosis and facilitate accurate clinical assessment by physicians.

Adolescent depression represents a significant public health challenge worldwide. While adverse life events (ALEs) are established predictors of depressive symptom, the mediating role of sleep quality remain underexplored in multi-ethnic contexts like Xinjiang, China.

Ketamine provides rapid acting symptom relief, making it a promising intervention for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the mechanisms driving its long-term efficacy over weeks and months remain poorly understood. This study investigated the short- and sustained impacts on gene expression of an open-label six-week subanesthetic oral ketamine trial in 23 PTSD participants (9 males, 14 females). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected at baseline, one week (short-term), and four weeks (sustained) post ketamine treatment for RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis. Differential expression analysis identified substantial and persistent transcriptomic changes over time, with 533 genes upregulated and 621 downregulated across timepoints. Notably, there was a 37 % increase in differential gene expression between the short- and sustained responses, accompanied by a 6.5-fold rise in expression magnitude and an 8.8-fold enhancement in pathway activity. Pathway analysis emphasised important immune and inflammatory pathways that appear to be modulated by ketamine, including interferon alpha/beta signalling (z = 4), IL-17 signalling pathway (z = 3.36), and cytokine storm signalling (z = 4.26) and neutrophil degranulation (z = 6.0) which differed across timepoints. The findings suggest a transition from short-term inflammation suppression to sustained immune regulation. Changes in key cytokines, chemokines, interferons and antimicrobial peptides included, IL-6, IL-1β, IFI27, IL-10 signalling, CXCL8, SOCS1/3 and CAMP which represent central regulators of immune and inflammatory pathways. These molecular changes offer novel insights into the sustained therapeutic potential of ketamine for PTSD and highlight avenues for precision psychiatry and maintenance therapy to prevent relapse.

Social isolation has emerged as an increasingly critical public health issue among adolescents with depression. This study aimed to identify latent subgroups of social isolation based on its manifestations among adolescent patients with depression and to explore the associated influencing factors.

Bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) impose a significant burden worldwide. Misdiagnosis between BD and MDD has long been a challenging issue. Frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) is one of the most widely studied electroencephalogram (EEG) markers in mental health research. This study utilizes a relatively large sample size to investigate whether FAA can effectively differentiate BD from MDD.

Individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) typically present subclinical symptoms even during remission. Evidence from the Dual Continua Model (DCM), the recent view of mental health as a dynamic balance condition, and the emphasis on the role of internal and external challenges and resources in sustaining or hindering mental health suggest that the joint investigation of positive mental health (PMH) and mental illness among persons with MDD in remission provides a comprehensive assessment of both lingering symptomatology and daily functioning. Through this integrated framework the time-budget and associated experience of persons with MDD in remission were investigated.

Discrimination is increasingly recognized as a key risk factor for student mental health. However, few longitudinal studies have assessed its association with clinically defined depression using standardized diagnostic tools. This study examines whether self-reported experiences of discrimination are associated with an increased risk of major depressive episode (MDE) one year later among higher education students.

To investigate the associations of sleep behaviors with the risk of schizophrenia, and explore the interplay between genetic and sleep patterns in the development of schizophrenia.

Depression among older women with cardiometabolic-based chronic disease (CMBCD) is influenced by both biological mechanisms but complex social and environmental determinants.

The association between childhood adversity and all-cause mortality risk as well as cardio-cerebrovascular disease mortality risk, and whether this differs by sex, remain unknown.