Despite long-term rising national rates of opioid-involved overdose deaths, little is known about the risks for US adults with work disability.

Previous studies have shown that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is beneficial for enhancing blood sugar monitoring and mental health in diabetic patients, but no studies have compared all CBT formats to determine which one is more effective. This review compared different delivery formats for CBT for diabetes.

Our understanding of the illness experience of long COVID comes mostly from studies conducted among long COVID online communities and support groups or participants in cohort studies of COVID-19.

Food insecurity screeners focus on identifying a financial barrier to accessing food. Other social and medical factors influence an individual's nutritional status and the need for food provision support. Yet, there are no existing tools that elicit the various life factors that influence food and nutrition needs and further identify relevant resources to address those needs.

The ACGME Internal Medicine (IM) Program Requirements mandate 6 months of individualized training and 10 months of outpatient medicine over 3 years. Balancing these with service needs is challenging. At UCSF, we developed a multi-pronged approach to individualize training across clinical settings.

Citizenship status may be a barrier to engaging in preventive care, especially among Asian origin groups.

Financial capability is an understudied social determinant of health (SDoH). Bank account ownership, an indicator of financial capability, has been linked to better health. No research has explored how bank account ownership relates to health behaviors, such as tobacco use.

Alcohol use and alcohol-attributable hospitalizations increased during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, whether hospitalizations were more severe during the pandemic years is unknown.

Patients in both inpatient and clinic settings are sometimes experienced as difficult by their providers. Among inpatients, characteristics that increase difficulty include personality disorders, length of stay, and chronic pain. Among ambulatory patients, difficulty is increased by having medically unexplained symptoms, mental disorders such as depression and anxiety, and personality disorders or chronic pain.

American Public Health Association, American Medical Association, and American Nurses Association have declared racism a public health crisis because systemic oppression harms the care of individuals and the health of populations.

Patients with limited English proficiency (LEP) experience more challenges with clinician communication than English-proficient patients. U.S. federal policies require the provision of language services, but little is known about language service availability in adult primary care practices nationally.

Release from prison or jail is a high-risk time for HIV acquisition, yet prior efforts to expand access to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and other HIV prevention services for people releasing from jail or prison have faced substantial implementation barriers.

Recent political developments in the United States threaten the autonomy, curricular breadth, and workforce sustainability of medical education. In April 2025, a federal executive order declared diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) standards in higher education as "unlawful discrimination," placing the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education and Liaison Committee on Medical Education under direct scrutiny. Both bodies subsequently suspended formal DEI accreditation requirements, threatening to reverse decades of progress in diversifying the physician workforce. Under these pressures, medical schools may be pressured to curtail or soften instruction on "politically sensitive topics, such as health disparities or gender-affirming care, out of concern for federal reprisal. Ultimately, these disruptions will not be felt by medical students alone, but also by generations of patients who depend on these future physicians. For example, a narrowed training pipeline, in terms of a less sociodemographically diverse student body may reduce the likelihood that trainees practice in medically underserved regions, thereby worsening provider shortages, particularly in primary care. Simultaneously, reduced curricular breadth risks leaving future physicians underprepared to address structural determinants of health that affect both clinical care and public health. Addressing these challenges will require a coordinated response from medical schools, accreditors, and policymakers to protect the integrity of US medical education.

Despite being the largest medical specialty, primary care is in crisis. There is a national shortage of more than 20,000 primary care physicians, and more are leaving the field each year either through retirement or otherwise than the number of graduating residents entering it. Thus, this shortage will grow largely due to relatively low salaries and adverse health system issues that lead to widely documented physician dissatisfaction and burnout. Yet primary care is a critical component of health care, the portal through which most patients enter health systems and receive both primary and specialty care. Because health systems are heavily dependent on their diminishing specialty, primary care physicians have the power and the obligation to their patients to mandate changes in how they are treated and compensated and how they practice medicine. Suggestions on how they can use this power to positively impact their profession and make it more attractive are provided.

Benefit of SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations to reduce the risk of infection and subsequent outcomes in patients with impaired kidney function beyond end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) remains uncertain.