To what extent are self-reported sleep health measures associated with semen quality?

What is the impact of undiagnosed microdeletion and microduplication syndromes (MMS) for men with idiopathic low sperm count?

Can comprehensive cytogenetic follow-up of the placenta post-partum uncover possible explanations for discrepancies between non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) showing structural chromosomal aberrations and foetal follow-up showing normal results or other chromosomal aberrations?

How does soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC)-generated cyclic AMP (cAMP) control hyperactivated motility in human sperm?

Is there an association between infertility diagnosis and long-term adult-onset psychiatric conditions in women?

Recent advances in the development of stem-cell-based embryo models and endometrial assembloids have fuelled understanding of their respective biology. However, a faithful combined approach is required to truly advance our understanding of implantation processes. This mini-review considers the most recent developments in producing reliable in vitro models of the human endometrium and human embryo, and the next steps required to combine their respective potential. While the fundamental biology of implantation is the primary driver of in vitro model development, the combined effort of embryo and endometrial models to generate new models of implantation provides the opportunity to manipulate either compartment to further understand the aetiologies of reproductive dysfunction. Through combining both systems, their efforts are symbiotic, each extending the relevance and utility of their counterpart to generate a whole greater than the sum of its parts.

Understanding human early embryo development from fertilization to gastrulation is essential to improve medically assisted reproduction. Faced with technical and ethical limitations, research into peri-implantation stages has been transformed by the recent onset of single-cell omics technologies. These approaches encompassing transcriptomics, epigenomics, and proteomics now enable unprecedented resolution of cellular heterogeneity, lineage specification, and spatial organization during early development. Here, we review the major discoveries permitted by single-cell omics methods, presented chronologically to reflect the progression of embryonic development. We address, among others, the delineation of blastomere contributions, mechanisms of embryonic genome activation, and the sequential specification of the trophectoderm, epiblast, and hypoblast lineages. We also explore how single-cell omics clarifies the effects of aneuploidy, uncovers mural-polar trophectoderm maturation, revises X chromosome regulation, and enables identification of rare post-implantation populations like primordial germ cells and amnion.

How do the genetic complexities of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) impact reproductive counseling, preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) design, and PGT treatment?

Can patient-derived organoid models be reliably established from diverse surgical phenotypes of endometriosis, and how do clinical factors such as hormonal treatment affect their growth success and morphology?

What is the recommended prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infertility among individuals and couples?

Increasing evidence supports the role of male infertility as a harbinger of broader health issues, given that infertile men often exhibit higher rates of chronic conditions later in life. Infertile men have double the risk of developing testicular and breast cancer and an increased risk of high-grade prostate cancer, are more likely to develop ischemic heart disease, hypertension, heart disease, and hyperlipidemia, and have higher cardiovascular mortality compared to fertile men. The risk of developing Type 2 diabetes seems to increase with the severity of the spermatogenic dysfunction, and metabolic abnormalities such as insulin resistance, increased visceral adiposity, and systemic inflammation are often reported in men with male factor infertility. The relative risk of developing autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and thyroiditis is significantly higher in infertile compared to fertile men, although the absolute risk is low. Male infertility also confers a 26% increased risk of early mortality, and the risk is even increased for men with azoospermia. On the other hand, a linear relationship between all semen parameters and life expectancy was found in a recent study. To explain the relationship between male infertility and increased risk of morbidity and mortality, hormonal, lifestyle/behavior, and genetic factors have been previously called into question. In the present mini review, the immune system alteration and the epigenetic hypotheses are exposed in more detail. The proposed evidence suggest that health screening for related conditions should be offered as part of the routine male infertility workup, to facilitate earlier detection and preventative care, and to position reproductive evaluations as a pivotal moment for long-term health intervention.

Is male infertility independently associated with an increased risk of incident hypertension, ischemic and non-ischemic heart disease, diabetes, and/or cerebrovascular disease?

What is the effect of progesterone administered via vaginal oil capsules versus pessaries, on clinical outcomes, when used for luteal phase support (LPS) in ART?

Are the clinical pregnancy rates and cell lineage-related markers of equal-grade Day 5 (D5) and Day 6 (D6) embryos the same?

Can a serum miRNA signature serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker for endometriosis (END)?