EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have significantly improved the outcomes of EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, resistance commonly develops. While secondary EGFR mutations (e.g., C797S) and histological transformations are known mechanisms, their coexistence at distinct sites is rarely documented.

Whether female being more susceptible to lung cancer among never smokers (LCNS) than males has been a long-standing debate.

Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) gene fusions are critical oncogenic drivers that activate the ERBB signaling pathway across various solid tumors. Although targeted therapies for NRG1 fusion-positive cancers are advancing rapidly in clinical settings, their epidemiological and clinicogenomic characteristics remain poorly understood, warranting large-scale investigations.

This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of quantitative N1 nodal burden metrics-including positive node count, positive station count, lymph node ratio (LNR), and lymph node station ratio (LNsR)-in patients with non-skip pN2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. The lack of effective targeted therapies for SCLC is a major limitation of this field. Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) inhibitors have emerged as a promising class of anticancer agents. This study aimed to evaluate the preclinical efficacy and mechanism of action of NHWD-870, a novel BET inhibitor targeting BRD4, in SCLC.

Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is an aggressive neoplasm associated with asbestos exposure. Clinical management of PM poses major challenges due to the lack of reliable markers for early diagnosis and prognostic stratification. Here we evaluated circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) as minimally invasive biomarkers for PM detection and risk assessment.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is an aggressive solid malignancy that commonly disseminates to the central nervous system (CNS). Comparative analysis of primary NSCLC and brain metastases (BM) by next-generation sequencing may reveal somatic genetic alterations that drive or favor NSCLC-derived BM.

Combining atezolizumab with carboplatin plus etoposide (Carbo-E) improved overall survival (OS) in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). However, there is a paucity of real-world outcomes. We present the largest and longest follow-up retrospective study evaluating treatment outcomes in ES-SCLC.

Overall survival (OS) of patients with stage IV large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is poor and optimal systemic treatment is unknown. Here, we describe clinical outcomes per treatment strategy of patients with stage IV LCNEC, including stratification by immunohistochemical (IHC) protein RB1 (pRb) status.

Clinical trials evaluated the efficacy and safety of novel first-line treatment strategies for advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), relative to osimertinib monotherapy.

There have been minimal advances in the systemic treatment of limited stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) for decades. With the publication of the ADRIATIC trial, consolidation durvalumab is a new standard of care. This study evaluated real-world treatments and clinical outcomes prior to the era of immunotherapy for LS-SCLC.

Lung carcinoma has consistently ranked as the most prevalent malignancy and foremost contributor to cancer-related mortality in global epidemiology. Despite the paradigm-shifting advancements in molecularly targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), clinical outcomes remain constrained by tumor recurrence and treatment resistance. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, a revolutionary cellular immunotherapy modality, has demonstrated unprecedented clinical efficacy in hematological malignancies. Nevertheless, its clinical implementation in solid malignancies, particularly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), remains hindered by some cardinal biological barriers including spatial heterogeneity of tumor-associated antigens, on-target/off-tumor toxicity risks, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), inefficient T-cell trafficking, and T-cell dysfunction hallmarked by exhaustion and poor persistence signatures. This review aims to discuss the development of CAR-T cells for lung cancer from preclinical studies to ongoing clinical trials. Specifically, we summarize tumor-associated antigens in lung cancer, ongoing clinical trials, barriers to CAR-T cell therapy in lung cancer, and discuss potential strategies to improve therapeutic efficacy. We, therefore outline the trajectory of CAR-T cells that may evolve from promising experimental approaches to a standard modality for lung cancer therapy.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a major therapeutic challenge. While PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapies have improved outcomes, predictive biomarkers are limited. AXL, a receptor tyrosine kinase associated with poor prognosis, may impact treatment response. This study evaluates AXL expression and clinical outcomes in advanced NSCLC patients treated with immunotherapy or chemotherapy.

Sub-lobar resection (SR) is an established treatment for peripheral clinical stage IA1-2 (cIA1-2) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, it may fail to achieve complete resection and is associated with worse survival than lobar resection (LR) in spread through air spaces (STAS) populations. This study aims to define the threshold of an adequate SR margin that may yield survival outcomes comparable to LR in peripheral cIA1-2 STAS NSCLC.

Patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are at risk for severe immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Limited data exists on the association between severe irAEs requiring hospitalization (irAEh) and overall survival (OS) in patients with NSCLC who received front-line ICIs, as well as risk factors for irAEh.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) prolong progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). ES-SCLC PFS curve exponential decay nonlinear regression analyses (EDNLRAs) suggests that only 10% of patients benefit. Here we report ES-SCLC EDNLRAs for the bispecific T-cell engager tarlatamab.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with activating KRAS mutations representing a key oncogenic driver. These mutations profoundly reprogram cellular metabolism, especially glycolysis, thereby sustaining uncontrolled tumor proliferation. We identified ubiquitin-specific peptidase 15 (USP15) as a pivotal regulator in KRAS-driven metabolic remodeling and tumor progression. This study aims to elucidate the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of USP15 in KRAS-mutant NSCLC.

In an integrated analysis of phase I/II trials (STARTRK-2, STARTRK-1, ALKA-372-001), entrectinib induced responses in global populations with advanced ROS1-fusion positive (ROS1-fp) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study reports updated efficacy and safety data in Asian patients from the integrated analysis (cutoff: 16 July 2023).

Next-generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-targeting tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are standard first-line (1L) treatments for ALK+ advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC). Treatments differ in systemic and central nervous system (CNS) efficacy and adverse event (AE) profiles. There is a need for understanding treatment preferences of patients and oncologists in this setting.