A novel, microwave-assisted method producing anilines and phenols from activated aryl halides is reported. This high-yielding method reduces current reaction requirements and removes organic solvents and catalysts making a more efficient and eco-friendly alternative for the synthesis of important pharmaceutical building blocks.

The microwave synthesis of 12 rhodamine-derived imines is described. The present work involves condensation of rhodamine hydrazide with various aromatic aldehydes in ethanol under microwave irradiation. The results obtained indicate that, unlike classical heating, microwave irradiation results in higher yields, shorter reaction time, mild reaction condition and simple work-up procedure. The structures of synthesized compounds were confirmed by H-NMR, C-NMR, FT-IR and high-resolution mass spectra data.

A metal-free, atom-economy and simple work-up domino amination-Knoevenagel condensation approach to construct new coumarin analogous ( and ) was described. Further, new formyl () and nitro () coumarin derivatives were synthesized via C-N coupling reaction of various cyclic secondary amines and 4-chloro-3-(formyl-/nitro)coumarins (), respectively. The confirmed compounds were screened for their anti-proliferative activity against KB-3-1, A549 and PC3 human cancer cell lines using resazurin cellular-based assay. Among them, coumarin derivatives and displayed the best anti-cervical cancer potency (KB-3-1) with IC values of 15.5 ± 3.54 and 21 ± 4.24 μM, respectively. Also, showed the most promising cytotoxicity toward A549 with IC value of 12.94 ± 1.51 μM. As well, presented a more significant impact of potency against PC3 with IC 7.31 ± 0.48 μM. Moreover, manifested selectivity against PC3 (IC = 20.16 ± 0.07 μM), while was selective toward KB-3-1 cell line (IC = 21 ± 4.24 μM). Matching with docking profile, the enzymatic assay divulged that is a dual potent single-digit nanomolar inhibitor of VEGFR-2 and EGFR with IC values of 24.67 nM and 31.6 nM that were almost equipotent to sorafenib (31.08 nM) and erlotinib (26.79 nM), respectively.

The Green Chemistry & Chemical Stewardship Certificate Program was designed using the Community of Inquiry (COI) model as a framework for developing curriculum that engages students across the entire program to meet interdisciplinary, professional development program outcomes. The COI framework allows faculty and course developers to develop courses that consider cognitive, social, and teaching presence as equal components of successful learning experiences. In this program, students focus on systems thinking around green chemistry, business, environmental health, chemical alternative assessment tools, and social and environmental justice. They complete a capstone project that identifies a particular environmental or human health issue associated with a chemical and suggest suitable substitutions that are less harmful but equally effective. This paper describes the program's curriculum, partnerships, delivery modalities, and student feedback as a framework developing professional development opportunities that offer a rich interdisciplinary experience for learners.

Ionic liquids (ILs) have been widely explored as alternative solvents for carbon dioxide (CO) capture and utilization. However, most of these processes are under pressures significantly higher than atmospheric level, which not only levies additional equipment and operation costs, but also makes the large-scale CO capture and conversion less practical. In this study, we rationally designed glycol ether-functionalized imidazolium, phosphonium and ammonium ILs containing acetate (OAc) or TfN anions, and found these task-specific ILs could solubilize up to 0.55 mol CO per mole of IL (or 5.9 wt% CO) at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Although acetate anions enabled a better capture of CO, TfN anions are more compatible with alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), which is a key enzyme involved in the cascade enzymatic conversion of CO to methanol. Our promising results indicate the possibility of CO capture under ambient pressure and its enzymatic conversion to valuable commodity.