Penile augmentation or penis enlargement surgery refers to any technique aimed at enhancing penile length or girth. These male enhancement surgical techniques can increase total penile length, either flaccid or erect, while others add to the penile shaft's girth and/or glans size. Proposed strategies include physical methods such as various penile exercises, mechanical traction devices, and medical therapy, while surgical interventions include cosmetic and phallic reconstructive techniques and use of fillers, sleeves, grafts, and flaps to augment penile size.

Low-intensity shockwave therapy (LiSWT) is a novel treatment option for patients with erectile dysfunction (ED). To date, numerous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies have been published.

While testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is generally effective in restoring testosterone levels and improving quality of life, its dermatological adverse effects are underreported compared to cardiovascular and oncologic risks.

Orgasm experience is associated with greater sexual and relational well-being within couples' relationships. In the context of a partnered sexual relationship, this dimension of the sexual response has been mainly studied from an individualistic perspective, with few studies adopting a dyadic approach.

Peyronie's disease (PD) is a fibroproliferative disorder of the tunica albuginea characterized by localized plaque formation, penile curvature, and erectile dysfunction, most commonly affecting men between 40 and 70 years of age. Although François Gigot de La Peyronie is credited with the first formal description of the disease in 1743, depictions of penile curvature predate his description by millennia.

Men's sexual health is an essential yet under-addressed aspect of well-being in Saudi Arabia, shaped by a complex interplay of cultural traditions, religious teachings, and stigma. While Islam encourages marital intimacy, open conversations on sexual health are obstructed by taboos and misinformation. Misconceptions about erectile dysfunction, penile size, masturbation effects, and sexual performance, fueled by pornography, uncontrolled social media, and limited education, result in poor health-seeking behaviors and incorrect use of medications.

Infertility is a significant global health concern, particularly among individuals of reproductive age. At the same time, psychiatric disorders-especially depression and anxiety-are increasingly prevalent, leading to a growing global demand for antidepressants.

Hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) is one of the most common female sexual dysfunctions.

The lower urinary tract injury, although often not life-threatening, can result in devastating long-term morbidity and, in some cases, permanent disability. Male genital trauma adversely affects male sexual function.

Numerous studies have evaluated urologic and aesthetic outcomes of genital gender affirming surgery. However, minimal data exist on sexual function of transmasculine individuals after genital gender affirming surgery, and studies often aggregate outcomes from different techniques. This paper aims to systematically review the literature on sexual health outcomes following metoidioplasty surgery.

Kidney failure significantly affects sexuality, particularly female sexual function.

In experimental sex research, attention to sexual stimuli is considered a well-established indicator of sexual interest, with patterns that differ across sexual orientations. While earlier studies primarily focused on heterosexual populations, recent research has increasingly explored attention in sexual minority individuals (SMIs). Building on the incentive motivation and information processing models of sexual response, it can be hypothesized that differences in the appraisal of sexual stimuli contribute to variations in individuals´ sexual responses, raising the possibility that attention to sexual stimuli may be related to individuals' sexual identities.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a highly prevalent male sexual disorders, affecting million of men worldwide. Given the volume of literature in ED, bibliometric analyses will provide an important resource to highlight landmark articles.

Disorders that affect sexual function, including vulvodynia and post-orgasmic illness syndrome (POIS), are under-reported and under-researched, leaving many patients without optimal treatment strategies. These conditions often present with inflammatory or allergic-type symptoms, such as itching, burning, and congestion. Immune system dysregulation, including mast cell (MC) dysfunction, has been proposed as a potential mechanism underlying these disorders.

Male hypogonadism is a clinical condition combining low circulating testosterone (T) and specific signs and symptoms associated with impaired hormone production.

The intersection of culture, history, religion, traditions, laws, political trends, and evolving attitudes affects sexual expression and acceptance or rejection of sexual practices. Clinicians and clinical care are affected by these factors as well, although clinicians are not always aware of the way in which their training, their own experiences and attitudes influence the way in which they approach patients. In this paper, we contextualize and then describe 2 areas of sexual practices and 1 area of sexual difficulty that sexual medicine clinicians encounter in their practice, namely, the practice of female genital mutilation/cutting, penile circumcision, and the experience of unconsummated marriages.

Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a promising technology in medicine, offering innovative approaches for diagnostics, treatment, and patient education. However, its role in male sexual dysfunction (MSD) management remains underexplored, particularly among urologists.

Peyronie's disease causes penile curvature and painful erections, potentially impairing quality of life; surgical grafts are employed to correct curvature and restore penetrative sexual function.

With accumulating, strongly supportive epidemiological evidence, a new understanding has emerged of the complex interactions between psychological factors (e.g., depression) and both erectile dysfunction (ED) and ischemic heart disease (IHD) in men.

Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) encompasses a cluster of sexual symptoms like dyspareunia associated with genital and urinary symptoms like urinary urgency, which may be variably reported in the clinical setting.