Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) provide high internal validity but often have limited generalizability. Benchmarking real-world data against RCT findings helps evaluate external validity. To assess whether the results of the IXORA-S trial comparing ixekizumab and ustekinumab could be replicated using real-world data from the Shanghai Psoriasis Effectiveness Evaluation CoHort (SPEECH), and to explore potential reasons for differences between trial and observational findings.

This paper, arising from an international workshop on health inequality aversion held in November 2024, aims to (a) summarise areas of methodological consensus regarding the measurement of health inequality aversion and (b) propose a research agenda to strengthen methods and international evidence to inform priority setting.

To examine how two methodological approaches can be applied to incorporate environmental outcomes in Health Technology Assessment (HTA), using remote patient monitoring (RPM) versus usual care (UC) after cardiac surgery.

Climate change has intensified heatwaves, posing significant health risks to older adults, yet their impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in China's aging population remains underexplored. This study investigates the impact of heatwaves on HRQoL among older adults using the EQ-5D-5L.

This study aims to re-perform cost-effective analyses (CEAs) that informed American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines between 2014-2022 using the health years in total (HYT) instead of the quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) to quantify the extent to which value assessment conclusions would change using a different metric.

As dementia progresses, older adults with dementia are often left out of care decisions. We employed a human-centered design (HCD) approach to create an accessible discrete choice (DCE) survey for eliciting preferences regarding supportive care from persons living with dementia (PLWD) and their care partners (CP). This paper describes an HCD process for developing DCE choice tasks to elicit preferences.

To address the methodological challenges in health economic evaluations (HEEs) of artificial intelligence (AI), this study systematically reviewed AI-assisted cancer screening or diagnosis HEEs, focusing on their methodologies and reporting quality, and providing advice for future HEEs.

To evaluate the suitability of care recipients as proxies for assessing caregivers' health-related quality of life (HRQL) using the EQ-5D-5L.

This article explores issues of methodological rigor and threshold development for return-on-investment (ROI) measures. Although economic evaluation methods such as cost-effectiveness, cost-utility analysis, and cost-benefit analyses have standard guidelines that allow for consistent comparison across studies, these are sorely missing with respect to ROI.

To investigate patient preferences for health insurance plans covering newer type 2 diabetes treatments when equity is considered.

Composite time trade-off (cTTO) utilities typically vary by perspective: adults tend to assign lower utilities to health states for themselves (self-perspective) than for children (proxy-perspective). Utilities also differ between proxy-perspectives: i.e., deciding for a child (proxy1) vs. imagining what a child wants (proxy2). This can cause health states to be evaluated as better than dead (BTD) under one perspective, yet worse than dead (WTD) under another. We investigate how such WTD preferences vary with health states across durations and perspectives, alongside sociocultural factors such as religion and attitudes towards death. As a secondary analysis, we explore the maximal endurable time (MET) hypothesis to assess the consistency of WTD preferences.

Health system resources are limited, and decision makers often need to make trade-offs between equity and efficiency. Such trade-offs are guided by public values that are elicited using choice experiments. There is no standard approach to elicit equity-efficiency trade-offs. Previous studies have found significant variability in public values, raising concerns about the robustness of trade-off experiments. The objective of this systematic review was to determine whether and how equity-efficiency trade-off studies consider validity, reliability and framing effects.

Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) can systematically integrate the patient perspective to enhance value-based, people-centred healthcare. This study aims to assess the current systematic use of PROMs data across OECD countries and identify barriers and enablers for system-wide implementation from decision-makers' perspectives.

Characterise the trajectory of HRQoL, both overall utility and individual EQ-5D-5L dimensions, over 12 months following miscarriage and assess whether this trajectory varies significantly for women with two or ≥3 miscarriages, compared with those with a single miscarriage within a new tiered Graded Model of Care.

Multiple Long-Term Conditions (MLTCs), defined as the co-occurrence of two or more chronic conditions, are increasingly common, particularly in developed countries. In 2021, the global prevalence among adults reached 37.2%. MLTCs contribute to higher rates of premature mortality, hospitalisation, poorer quality of life, and increased healthcare costs.

To develop a United States (US) EQ-5D-Y-3L value set for measuring pediatric health-related quality-of-life based on preferences elicited from both adults and adolescents in the general population.

To examine trends in patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure use in clinical trials (2008-2023) and analyze adoption patterns of common PRO measures across geographic regions, disease categories, and age groups.

People who inject drugs (PWID) underutilize primary and preventive health services. To inform strategies for improving PWID healthcare engagement, we elicited PWID preferences for receiving wound care, HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening, and buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorder using discrete choice experiments (DCEs).

The European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions 5 Level Version (EQ-5D-5L) has shown potential limitations in capturing key aspects of health-related quality of life in dermatological diseases. This study investigated the psychometric properties of the EQ-5D-5L and 5 bolt-ons-skin irritation (itching, IT [Backspace]), self-confidence (SE), social relationships (SR), social participation (SP), and feeling connected (FC)-in 2 prevalent dermatological conditions.