Hypertension is the leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Despite multiple antihypertensive therapies, blood pressure (BP) control remains suboptimal in many individuals with persistent cardiovascular risk. This review evaluates the antihypertensive potential of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2-i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), particularly in patients with comorbid diabetes, HF, CKD or resistant hypertension.

Blood pressure (BP) is involved in the pathogenesis of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and clinical research confirms this strong correlation. Data showing whether daytime or nighttime BP is the most important variable of CSVD are conflicting. Therefore, the purpose of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the impact daytime and nighttime BP in terms of CSVD correlation. Additionally, we evaluated the role of nocturnal BP variation for the same purpose.

This brief review provides background information about brain health and its definition and public health importance. Within the context of brain health, we focus on two important modifiable cardiovascular risks, obesity and hypertension, and discuss mechanisms by which these factors affect brain health and recent advances in our understanding of trajectories of these risks across the lifespan.

In clinical practice, the diagnosis of hypertension is based on non-invasive upper-arm cuff blood pressure (BP) measurement. Most measurements are performed seated, although evidence indicates that supine BP may provide additional information. This review summarises recent findings on the influence of body posture on BP readings and cardiovascular (CV) risk prediction across office, ambulatory, and home BP monitoring (OBPM, ABPM, HBPM), their clinical implications and future research directions.

Sleep is recognized in Life's Essential 8™ as an important behavioral factor for improving and maintaining cardiovascular health. While sleep duration is currently the focus in Life's Essential 8™, sleep health is multidimensional and encompasses regularity, satisfaction, next-day alertness, timing, efficiency, and duration. In addition to sleep, circadian factors have also been implicated in cardiovascular health. For example, shift work, which results in significant circadian misalignment, is associated with poor cardiovascular health. This review will describe methods for measuring, analyzing, and interpreting sleep and circadian rhythms in humans. Subjective and objective measurements of sleep are not always concordant and may reflect distinct constructs. Therefore, both subjective and objective sleep measurements are discussed. Assessment of the circadian system in humans typically relies on the measurement of circadian biomarkers (i.e., melatonin, core body temperature, and/or cortisol) during rigorous and burdensome research protocols. However, novel approaches are being developed to estimate circadian parameters with lower cost and participant burden. This review aims to inform cardiovascular scientists and clinicians of common practices in the assessment of sleep and circadian rhythms.

Pediatric hypertension is an increasingly recognized public health issue and represents a key target for preventing long-term cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Adverse childhood experiences-traumatic events related to abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction occurring before age 18-are emerging as significant risk factors for both pediatric and adult hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are associated with maternal morbidity, mortality, hospital readmissions, and significant costs to healthcare systems.

Heart failure (HF) is characterized by a significant imbalance of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), with chronic sympathetic nervous system (SNS) overactivity leading to maladaptive cardiac remodeling, arrhythmia, and hemodynamic instability. In this review, we aim to discuss current and emerging therapies and the potential path forward for developing future novel neuromodulatory therapies in HF.

To examine whether and to what extent lifestyle, pharmacological and device-based therapeutic blood pressure lowering interventions are capable to restore a normal sympathetic cardiovascular function in hypertensive patients.

This scoping review examines the existing literature to reveal consensus or absence thereof regarding the definition and management strategies for asymptomatic hypertension.

This review provides a critical examination of the sex-specific impact of alcohol consumption on the development and progression of hypertension. Specifically, it elucidates the differential roles of alcohol metabolism and blood pressure regulatory mechanisms in men and women. Finally, it explores promising sex-specific therapeutic strategies for the management of alcoholic hypertension.

Since the FDA approved transcatheter renal denervation (RDN) for the treatment of uncontrolled hypertension in 2023, cardiologists have sought to answer a critical question: "Who benefits from RDN?" The blood pressure-lowering effect of RDN varies considerably among individuals, with some showing little to no response. Predicting individual response remains challenging due to the lack of reliable biomarkers. This review summarizes potential biomarkers for predicting the antihypertensive response to RDN, with a focus on their pathophysiological mechanisms.

This review examines the literature on remote blood pressure monitoring (RBPM) for pregnant women at high risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP).

We aim to review the most recent literature on demographic features and diagnostic workup of children with secondary hypertension, in order to provide a framework for health providers to determine which hypertensive pediatric patients warrant further investigation for secondary causes. By highlighting the utility of various diagnostic investigations, we aim to minimize unnecessary testing burden.

Systemic hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and remains challenging to manage despite the widespread use of antihypertensive medications and lifestyle modifications. This review explores the role of gut microbiota in hypertension development and regulation, highlighting key mechanisms such as inflammation, gut-brain axis modulation, and bioactive metabolite production. We also assess the potential of microbiota-targeted therapies for hypertension management.

Survivors of childhood cancer and hematopoietic cell transplant are at risk for developing chronic health conditions, including hypertension. Studies have identified hypertension as an influential risk factor for late kidney dysfunction and cardiovascular disease in childhood cancer survivors. The overall risk of hypertension depends on the specific cancer treatment, from chemotherapy to surgery to radiation. In this report, we aim to review the main causes of hypertension in childhood cancer survivors, with a focus on newer therapies, as well as the current recommendations for screening and management of hypertension in this patient population.

Preeclampsia and the Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy (HDP) occur more frequently amongst Indigenous women and can have short- and long-term impacts on maternal and infant health and wellbeing. To understand factors associated with increased risk for Indigenous women a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. The PRISMA guidelines were adhered to, and the review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (Registration CRD42023381847). EndNote, Covidence and Excel were used to screen and extract data, with studies assessed using JBI critical appraisal tools.

The growing burden of cardiovascular diseases has become a significant concern in both adult and youth populations. Urinary biomarkers of kidney function could provide useful insights that may aid in the early identification of individuals at higher risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. This systematic review aimed to assess associations between urinary biomarkers of kidney function and different measures of cardiovascular health.

To review data regarding the association between hypertension and childhood obesity on target organ damage. We will also review data regarding the impact of intervening on hypertension and childhood obesity on target organ damage.

Τhe association between nocturnal blood pressure (BP) and alterations in the retinal microvasculature remains understudied, with few available studies to provide conflicting results. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine whether an association exists between retinal microvascular alterations and nocturnal BP patterns, determined by 24h ambulatory BP measurement.