Prostate Cancer (PCa) is the second most common malignancy among men worldwide, with significant heterogeneity in disease burden across countries. The United States (US) and China, representing high socio-demographic index (SDI) countries and rapidly developing economies respectively, have distinct healthcare systems that lead to contrasting trends in PCa epidemiology. A systematic comparison of the PCa burden between the two nations from 1990 to 2021, based on the latest Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database 2021, remains limited.

Megalin (LRP2) is a multifunctional endocytic receptor whose role in prostate cancer (PCa), particularly in cancer stem cells (CSCs) and metastatic progression, remains largely unexplored.

Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is an aggressive, lethal state of prostate cancer, for which early progression is an indicator of poor prognosis. The ability to predict this progression is of paramount clinical importance for guiding personalized treatment strategies. We aimed to develop and validate a novel machine learning (ML) model to predict early progression (≤ 12 months) to mCRPC and compare its performance against standard ML algorithms.

Rezūm therapy is a minimally invasive treatment for male lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) related to benign prostatic obstruction (BPO), validated in selected patients through randomized trials. However, its effectiveness in broader real-world populations remains underreported.

Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) is most often considered a retrograde spread of invasive prostate cancer (PCa) into prostatic ducts, and its presence is associated with a poor prognosis. The aim of our study was to evaluate the differential expression between IDC-P and the associated invasive component and the heterogeneity of expression within IDC-P foci.

Prostatic tissue is richly vascularized by large venous sinuses that may rupture during transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), which may lead to unwanted functional outcomes and intraoperative bleeding. However, tranexamic acid (TXA) may be a valid strategy to reduce bleeding complications. Thus, we aimed to analyze the efficacy and safety of TXA administration in patients undergoing TURP.

This study evaluates the impact of early modification of upfront androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSI) on outcomes among patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC).

To evaluate the value of circulating free DNA (cfDNA) in prostate cancer (PCa) by cfDNA assay and analysis of plasma and urinary cfDNA fragmentation to determine the usefulness of this parameter for risk staging and tumor progression monitoring.

Benign prostatic surgery is a common intervention for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Preservation of the supramonticular tissue during surgery has been proposed as a technique that could minimize complications and improve functional outcomes, such as sexual function and urinary continence. However, evidence regarding its benefits compared to standard techniques remains limited and contradictory.

Neoadjuvant intense androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs) has shown pathologic complete responses (pCR) in prostate cancer (PCa), but long-term survival outcomes remain unclear. This study evaluates the durability of response following neoadjuvant ADT plus enzalutamide before robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) and lymph node dissection.

The prognostic value of the PSA ELIMination rate constant K (PRO-KELIM) score was investigated in patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) treated with novel androgen receptor inhibitors.

Prostate-specific antigen bounce (PSAb), characterized by a transient elevation in PSA levels followed by a spontaneous decline, is a well-documented phenomenon in prostate cancer (PC) patients undergoing radiotherapy. While PSAb can cause diagnostic uncertainty, mimicking biochemical recurrence, its etiology and clinical implications remain poorly understood. This study aims to analyze the incidence, characteristics, and prognostic significance of PSAb in a cohort of PC patients treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) using a 1.5 T MR-Linac platform.

To investigate the role of HSD3B1 germline variant (1245C) in hormone therapy outcomes in Chinese prostate cancer (PCa) patients.

We aimed to determine whether TL-PSMA, PSMA-TV, and SUVpeak values measured in prostate adenocarcinoma patients who underwent imaging with Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT for primary staging have a role in predicting treatment response.

Chronic inflammation is commonly observed in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissue and may contribute to lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) as well as disease progression. This study evaluated the efficacy of combining a standardized extract of Serenoa repens (Sr) with alfuzosin versus alfuzosin monotherapy in men with LUTS due to BPH.

The history of the long-unlabeled prostate refers to an aging story of the confrontation of Galen/Herophilos with early modern human anatomy. Attributions of discovery have been made ever since, with a supposedly pivotal role for Niccolò Massa's 1536 description of the organ. However, Massa did not credit anyone and also did not claim to be seeing something new, indeed few did for centuries after.

Cabazitaxel is a taxane agent associated with fewer symptomatic adverse events than docetaxel in treating castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), yet it is typically reserved for post-docetaxel failure. This study assessed whether early switching from docetaxel to cabazitaxel could improve clinical outcomes.

The impact of preoperative bladder function on outcomes of simple prostatectomy (SP) is unknown. The goal of this study was to determine if detrusor contractility affects postoperative catheter-free status in patients undergoing SP for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common solid organ cancer in men and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. PSA helps identify men at risk but has low specificity and has resulted in unnecessary biopsies. The PROSTest, a novel machine learning-based 27-gene mRNA liquid biopsy assay, was developed to detect PCa. We evaluated its utility as a stratification tool in symptomatic men undergoing biopsy or surgery for PSA > 2 ng/mL.