Over the past 25 years, the Indian Academy of Pediatrics-Intensive Care Chapter has transformed pediatric critical care in India from scattered efforts into a structured national system for training, accreditation, and policy. After its establishment in 1999, IAP-Intensive Care Chapter has bridged key gaps in training, evidence, and systems through competency-based fellowships, accreditation of teaching units, and the development of national guidelines. Its educational ecosystem now includes training programs for physicians and nurses, simulation-based learning, and quality improvement initiatives. The Journal of Pediatric Critical Care and PediCritiCon, the annual national conference of the Chapter, has fostered scholarship and collaboration, while research and innovation at individual and institutional levels are strengthening national evidence base. Despite major gains, challenges persist in ensuring equitable access, workforce sustainability, and outcome measurement. Future priorities include digital integration, simulation expansion, multicenter research, and national quality dashboards. The IAP-Intensive Care Chapter's journey illustrates how a professional society can drive systemic improvement in pediatric intensive care across a diverse, resource-limited nation.

This case-control study assessed the inflammatory response and oxidative stress associated with snakebites in 116 children in comparison with 116 age-matched healthy controls. The median (Q1, Q3) levels of serum C-reactive protein [11.1 (4.2, 14.4) vs 2.6 (1.9, 3.3) mg/L, P < 0.001], interleukin-6 [84.8 (75.0, 95.0) vs 15.2 (12.2, 18.0) pg/mL, P < 0.001], and malondialdehyde [1.4 (1.1, 1.5) vs 1.0 (0.9, 1.1) nmol/mL, P < 0.001] were significantly higher in children with snakebites compared to the control group. Snakebite was associated with significant inflammation and oxidative stress in children.

To determine the diagnostic accuracy of Hindi version of Trivandrum Development Screening Chart (TDSC) for developmental screening of children aged 1 - 30 months.

To evaluate the impact of sensitization of mothers and caregivers of children aged 0-3 years on mother and child protection (MCP) card for promoting nurturing care of early childhood development (NC-ECD) and assess the healthcare workers' (HCWs) perceptions of its effectiveness in promoting NC-ECD.

Data on the use of infliximab (IFX) in infants with Kawasaki disease (KD) are scant. We retrospectively analyzed data of 35 infants with KD who received IFX. Effectiveness of IFX was assessed in the presence of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance and coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) regression. Fifteen of thirty-five received IFX in the presence of IVIG resistance; nineteen of thirty-five for CAA; and one for persistently high c-reactive protein. Thirteen out of fifteen with IVIG resistance became afebrile by 24 h. Twelve medium CAA regressed over 3 months, four of ten giant CAA normalized, and three regressed to small CAA, median time being 7.5 (3.5, 18) months. IFX was well-tolerated, safe, and effective in infants with KD.

The national guidelines for evaluation of aggressive retinopathy of prematurity (AROP) in preterm neonates recommend the first examination at 2-3 weeks of age. This retrospective study investigated the yield of AROP checks performed at 3 weeks of postnatal age in neonates delivered between 23 and 28 weeks of gestation. Of the 260 eye examinations done at 3 weeks of age, none resulted in need for therapy for ROP over the ensuing week. Feed intolerance and cardiorespiratory events were noted after/during the AROP screening in one-third of the neonates. The median (Q1, Q3) time gap between the first AROP screening and any need for therapy was 8 (5, 9) weeks. This suggests that more evidence from prospective studies is required to corroborate the existing national guidelines for early retinal examinations.

Medical education often struggles with quality assurance (QA) becoming a "box-ticking" exercise, primarily driven by the pressure to maintain accreditation rather than a genuine commitment to improvement. This behavior is attributed to extrinsic motivation, an overemphasis on structural inputs over actual student competence, a lack of faculty ownership in QA processes, and underutilization of collected data. To overcome these challenges, the article highlights three concepts. The seven-level outcomes framework offers a comprehensive approach, expanding the Kirkpatrick model to guide planning from student participation and satisfaction to crucial long-term patient and population health outcomes, shifting focus to societal impact. In addition, the four pillars of quality (planning, assurance, control, improvement) are aligned with the iterative Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle, providing a dynamic roadmap for continuous enhancement in medical education, curricula, teaching, learning, and assessment. By adopting these, institutions can transition from mere compliance to fostering true excellence and producing competent, caring graduates.

To assess the safety, efficacy and outcomes of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) in children at a tertiary care hospital.

To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the Pediatric Appendicitis Score (PAS) and ultrasound (USG) for acute appendicitis in children and adolescents.

To describe the clinical profile and the predictors of outcome in children with viral pneumonia.