Migraine pain profiling studies vary by sensory modalities, methods, anatomical sites and characteristics. This exploratory study aimed to identify pain profiling parameters using quantitative sensory testing (QST) for episodic migraine (EM) and chronic migraine (CM) and investigate potential differences, given conflicting results from previous EM versus CM comparisons.

Nociplastic pain, a third mechanistic pain descriptor in addition to nociceptive and neuropathic pain is defined as 'pain that arises from altered nociception' not fully explained by nociceptive or neuropathic pain mechanisms.

Conditioned pain modulation (CPM) assesses descending pain inhibition, but behavioural approaches are limited by subjectivity and variable reproducibility. We tested a CPM protocol combining nociceptive-selective laser-evoked potentials (LEPs) with a repeated-trial design to determine whether neurophysiological markers complement behavioural measures and improve reliability.

Although calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has emerged as a promising therapeutic target in migraine management, current clinical evidence regarding its dynamic variations in paediatric migraine populations remains inconclusive. We conducted a meta-analysis to explore the relationship between blood CGRP levels and paediatric migraine.

Interdisciplinary Multimodal Pain Treatment (IMPT), grounded in the biopsychosocial model, is strongly recommended for patients with chronic primary pain. A base review found that IMPT participation leads to sustained improvements in wellbeing, but substantial heterogeneity in program dose and content limited conclusions about optimal design. This first update as a living systematic review (LSR) aimed to assess the long-term effects (≥ 12 months post-treatment) of IMPT for chronic primary musculoskeletal pain and explore patterns in treatment effectiveness to inform program optimization.

Low back pain imposes a substantial global health burden, impairing productivity and quality of life. Emerging evidence implicates systemic inflammation in its pathogenesis. The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), a validated inflammatory biomarker, may elucidate this relationship. This study investigated the SII-low back pain association.

Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) following caesarean delivery remains poorly studied despite being one of the most common surgeries and its potential devastating consequences on patients and their newborn babies. We conducted a prospective evaluation of data from a large multicentric cohort to calculate its prevalence, describe its characteristics, risk factors associated and measure its consequences on patients' quality of life and daily functioning.

Knee osteoarthritis is hallmarked by pain and structural changes, impacting biomechanical function. However, the interplay between pain and biomechanics is poorly understood. Experimental knee pain may act as a surrogate model of clinical pain to study potential changes in pain mechanisms and biomechanics.

Aging is known to impact both pain perception and modulation. While sensory thresholds have been extensively studied, age-related changes in pain tolerance remain less conclusive. Additionally, limited research has explored whether thermal modality differentially affects pain tolerance in older adults. This study aimed to examine modality-specific effects of aging on pain tolerance using three experimental paradigms: thermal pain tolerance thresholds, and tolerance to tonic heat and cold stimulation.

Phantom limb pain (PLP) affects 64% of individuals who have undergone amputation. Various theories explain its development, leading to different treatments, including graded motor imagery. This study analyses the effectiveness of a home-based intervention protocol based on graded motor imagery (GraMI protocol) as a treatment for phantom limb pain.

The experience of pain consists of different components, including sensory-discriminative and emotional-motivational components. While these components are often well aligned, they can also dissociate. Operant conditioning may selectively modulate one component without affecting the other. However, evidence directly comparing operant conditioning effects on both emotional-motivational and sensory-discriminative components of pain is lacking. The aim of the present study was to test whether operant conditioning would differentially affect behavioral surrogate measures of emotional-motivational and sensory-discriminative pain responses.

Chronic pain lowers health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This review presents the most complete examination to date of how Interdisciplinary Multimodal Pain Treatment (IMPT) affects domains of HRQoL in adults with chronic pain. We compared IMPT with treatment as usual (TAU) and active control groups (ACGs) at short, intermediate and long-term follow-up.

Hypnosis (H) and virtual reality (VR) are effective behavioural interventions to influence acute pain perception. Hypnotic suggestions have also been shown to modulate the nociceptive flexion reflex (NFR), suggesting the activation of descending modulatory mechanisms affecting spinal nociceptive activity. The combination of these techniques, virtual reality hypnosis (VRH), may reduce pain, but research on their comparative efficacy and mechanisms requires further experimental investigation. This study compared the effects of relaxation hypnosis, VR and VRH on pain perception and nociceptive physiological responses.

Individuals with chronic pain are both more likely to have an insecure adult attachment style and impaired conditioned pain modulation (CPM) than pain-free individuals. This study investigated whether impaired CPM is seen in pain-free individuals and determined associations with attachment.

Patients with non-specific neck pain often develop persistent or recurrent pain and associated disability. This review investigated which physical and psychological factors predict persistent and recurrent neck pain and disability.

The purpose of this systematic review was to identify and evaluate the quality of cross-cultural adaptations of the six core outcome measures (NRS, SF-12, PROMIS, ODI, RMDQ and VAS) for low back pain (LBP) and assess their psychometric properties.

Atraumatic musculoskeletal pain, regardless of the affected body region, is a highly prevalent condition impacting over 25% of the global population and contributing significantly to the burden of disease. A common study design compares physiotherapy or exercise therapy alone to the same intervention combined with MT (A vs. A + B). This study design is inherently flawed due to its inability to isolate the effect of treatment B, the potential for interaction effects, and the lack of control for non-specific contextual factors. The goal of this study was to compile studies using that approach and to examine the short-, medium-, and long-term effects of the addition of MT to a control treatment.

Individuals with low back pain (LBP) have high healthcare use (HCU). It is currently unclear whether self-management supportive interventions can decrease HCU among patients with LBP. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in visits to primary care and redeemed prescriptions of analgesics after enrolment in a self-management supportive programme compared to usual care.

Psychological interventions designed to optimise patients' treatment expectations have proven effective in surgical populations. Since these interventions are often resource-intensive, their clinical application is limited. We aimed to optimise treatment expectations in patients undergoing elective orthopaedic surgery with a brief video-based expectation-focused intervention. Additionally, the role of violated expectations was investigated exploratively.

Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain condition without an established aetiology. However, noradrenergic dysfunction is a possible mechanism to explain the constellation of symptoms associated with fibromyalgia. Noradrenaline synthesis in the locus coeruleus (LC) results in a paramagnetic by-product, neuromelanin. Recently, a magnetic resonance imaging sequence sensitive to neuromelanin has been used to assay LC signal intensity, a proxy for noradrenergic system function. Here, we use MR imaging to investigate the noradrenergic-locus coeruleus system in participants with fibromyalgia and healthy controls.