This review article is based upon the findings of the role of different biomarkers in the progression of the diseases. These findings were from past studies and meta-analysis of the biomarker in cardiovascular and chronic kidney diseases (CKDs). It mainly focuses on the organ crosstalk of diseases because of different biomarkers such as proteomics, genomics, metabolomics, and bioinformatics. In this reviewing process, we analyzed some biomarkers responsible for various cardiovascular and CKDs, out of which we found few biomarkers which are responsible for indication and diagnosis of disease relating to both the systems. It was found that the MiR-21, a type of genomic biomarker C-reactive protein, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T, and estimated glomerular filtration rate, types of proteomics biomarkers has shown role in the prediction of diseases. As well as we also reviewed research work from the past to analyze the relation between the disease and its clinical outcomes using machine learning, which can be used to create few models to predict the clinical outcomes. Out of all the algorithms used, they showing most promising results was XGBoost method. In the past, there were studies supporting the statement - algorithms created by the scientists gives variables relating to the disease. These variables can be used to predict the disease based on the levels of biomarkers present in the sample of the patients.

Early and effective treatment of acute herpes zoster (AHZ) can relief the pain and prevent the occurrence of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) in patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine in ultrasound-guided paravertebral nerve block for patients with AHZ neuralgia.

The objective is to induce acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in rats by oleic acid and evaluate the prophylactic and therapeutic effectiveness of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) against ARDS.

Consumers are key stakeholders in drug safety, yet, till recently, their potential has remained untapped in terms of contributing to the drug safety data. The Medicines Side Effect Reporting Form for Consumer (MSERC), launched by the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India, is an important tool for the consumer to report adverse drug reactions (ADRs).

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid (TXA) nebulization to control bleeding in hemoptysis.

To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding reporting adverse events due to medical devices among healthcare workers in our hospital.

Sudden excessive hair loss poses a diagnostic challenge when encountered in an otherwise healthy individual. We present a case study of a middle-aged female who presented with unexplained and sudden hair loss. After initial consideration of common causes of sudden hair loss, a dispensing error involving azathioprine was identified as the underlying cause. This case underscores the need for further research to elucidate the specific pathways through which azathioprine induces selective damage to the dermal papillae of the hair follicle. This case also emphasizes the importance of meticulous medication management and pharmacovigilance in clinical practice.

Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is an emerging respiratory pathogen affecting children, elderly individuals, and immunocompromised patients. Despite its disease burden, no antiviral treatment has been approved to date.

SGLT2 inhibitors have a wide extent of restorative movement and higher chance of hypoglycemia because of their affront autonomous action in treating type 2 diabetes. SGLT2 inhibitors have great security and resistance when utilized as monotherapy or in conjunction with other oral hypoglycemic medicines. Since SGLT2 inhibitors can cause hyperglycemia, which results in vaginal and urinary tract infection contaminations. When compared, dapagliflozin had higher contaminations. The key issue displayed is that ketoacidosis and that it may take a little time to analyze it.

The purpose of this study was to determine the in vitro synergistic effect of meropenem and sulbactam drug combinations through checkerboard assay against Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) to establish potential treatment options.

In this century, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) presents a major public health problem, because it is a leading cause of death worldwide. Antimicrobial resistance is caused by the overprescription of antibiotics as well as self-medication. In 2010, antibiotics were the most commonly prescribed medications according to the Montenegrin Institute of Public Health. To reduce side effects, improve treatment efficacy, and prevent AMR, it is necessary to have greater control and help formulating national and international level policies over antibiotic prescription and their use.

Surgical site infections are one of the major challenges in surgical practice. The antibiotic prophylaxis, though scientific, still lacks clarity on the timing of the administration of the drugs.

Dexmedetomidine (DEX), as a widely used medication for sedation, its usage has increased significantly. The concerns about its side effects remain, making a thorough safety evaluation necessary. Data on adverse drug events related to DEX from the first quarter of 2004 to the fourth quarter of 2023 were collected from the US Food and Drug Administration. Signal quantification techniques were used for the analysis, including reporting odds ratios (RORs), proportional reporting ratios, Bayesian confidence propagation neural network and empirical Bayes geometric mean. An analysis of 20,629,811 adverse event (AE) reports identified 1977 cases of DEX-related AEs, covering 24 system organ classes and 344 preferred terms (PTs). The most common PTs were bradycardia (n = 263), cardiac arrest (n = 150), and hypotension (n = 141). Based on the ROR algorithm, the top three were: transcranial electrical motor evoked potential monitoring abnorma, acute motor axonal neuropathy, and trigemino-cardiac reflex. In addition, this study identified the adverse effects such as diabetes insipidus, coronary arteriospasm, and intestinal pseudo-obstruction, which were not previously mentioned in the instructions. It is essential to monitor, identify, and address these adverse reactions effectively.

Vildagliptin, among the most commonly used, OHA, belongs to group dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus, has recently been associated with bullous pemphigoid, characterized by fluid-filled blisters and erosions on the skin and mucous membranes. We report the series of three cases of bullous pemphigoid in patients of diabetes, who developed bullous pemphigoid after vildagliptin use.

Ticagrelor is an oral antiplatelet drug. The most common ticagrelor side effects include bleeding, dyspnea, bradycardia and in rare cases, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. Isolated thrombocytopenia followed by a single-bolus dosage of ticagrelor is extremely uncommon. We encountered a 68-year-old male who had experienced rapid onset of chest pain and sweating for a day. The initial cardiac assessment suggested acute coronary syndrome and other laboratory tests, including a hemogram, were normal. The patient developed severe thrombocytopenia after receiving a loading dose of ticagrelor, despite the fact that no other thrombocytopenia-causing medicines were given to him. After discontinuing ticagrelor, the patient's platelet count gradually recovered with no need for additional transfusions or unnecessary investigations.

Sweet's syndrome is also called as acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis. Drug-induced Sweet's syndrome was first reported in association with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. It is very rare. To the best of our knowledge, bleomycin-induced Sweet's syndrome has not been reported previously.