Gait intention is typically detected using electroencephalogram (EEG) and primarily focuses on recognizing the initiation of walking. Recently, wearable sensors have been extensively used to classify different walking patterns.

Backward walking (BW) has gained increasing attention as a clinically relevant assessment and intervention for individuals with neurological conditions. Given the heterogeneity in how BW has been applied and studied across neurological populations, the objectives of this scoping review were to synthesize the literature related to: 1) the reliability and validity of BW mobility assessments, 2) the utility of BW as a clinical assessment tool, and 3) the efficacy of BW as an exercise intervention.

Cerebral palsy (CP), a leading cause of childhood motor disability, severely impacts lower limb function. Conventional gait training (CGT) faces challenges in standardization, while robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) offers biomechanical consistency but conflicting efficacy evidence. This meta-analysis evaluates RAGT monotherapy versus combined RAGT+CGT, therapeutic dose, and exoskeleton treadmill versus wearable robotic systems.

There is a need for improved biomarkers given that differentiating Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) from Parkinson's disease (PD) can be difficult in the earlier stages. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize and evaluate whether gait differences exist between PD and DLB patients in the early course of their disease by assessing normal and dual task walking conditions.

Gait asymmetry is considered an indicator of healthy gait and used in clinical and research settings to assess movement. While walking is commonly prescribed to promote cardiovascular health and assess gait under controlled conditions, prolonged walking may disrupt gait asymmetry. This study examined changes in knee total joint moment (TJM) asymmetry following a 30-min treadmill walk in asymptomatic adults.

Accurate gait assessment in cerebral palsy (CP) is essential for determining treatment strategies. The Edinburgh Visual Gait Score (EVGS) provides a standardized framework for assessing gait deviations visually. However, inter-observer variability between surgeons and physiotherapists may impact the agreement in assessment and decision-making in CP.

Patients undergoing proximal tibial endoprosthesis for bone tumors usually have a medial gastrocnemius flap for wound coverage, supposed to help in knee extension instead of normal flexor of the knee.

While deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a standard therapy for motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), its effect on gait is not well established.

Children with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP) often exhibit asymmetry, which significantly impacts gait function. Arm swing plays a crucial role in gait mechanics and asymmetric arm movements are hypothesized to influence lower extremity kinematics.

Emerging research suggests that emotions alter the way people walk, suggesting gait data may serve as a potential source for emotion recognition. Compared to traditional modalities (i.e., facial expressions, speech), gait-based emotion detection may have advantages, including reduced susceptibility to deliberate manipulation.

The foot placement strategy is the primary mechanism for mediolateral (ML) balance control during gait and often impaired in persons with chronic stroke (PwCS). While healthy adults show precise control across most gait speeds, except very slow speeds, this relationship remains unexplored in PwCS.

Lunges are commonly used in resistance training and rehabilitation as functional closed kinetic chain exercises. The gluteal muscles play a critical role in stabilizing the hip and pelvis during such movements.

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) can alter gait biomechanics and neuromuscular activity. Valgus brace (VB) treatment aims to reduce medial compartment loading. While the mechanical efficacy of VBs is well-documented, their effect on neuromuscular deviations in KOA patients remains unclear. This study assesses the potential of VB to modulate altered muscle synergy activation patterns in KOA patients.

Dynapenia, an age-related decline in muscle strength despite preserved muscle mass, is associated with reduced walking speed and increased fall risk. Backward walking training involves eccentric activation of the plantar flexors and has been shown to enhance walking performance. This exploratory study evaluated how an eight-week backward walking training program influences lower-limb mechanical energy flow and tendon properties in older adults with dynapenia.

Many technologies are available to assess balance; however, there is not one comprehensive option that meets all requirements for each component of balance.

Proprioception and dynamic balance are crucial elements of neuromuscular control during running, supporting movement precision and postural adjustments. Dynamic stretching is commonly used in warm-ups to enhance muscle activation and sensorimotor readiness, but its acute effects on proprioception and balance remain unclear.

The biomechanical reasons why lateral ankle sprains (LAS) are more likely to occur during unanticipated side-cutting (UNA-SC) than under anticipated side-cutting (ANT-SC) are unclear.

Foot orthotics, a device which can modify the mechanical interaction between foot and the external environment, are commonly prescribed for individuals with pes planus foot postures. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of foot orthotics on controlling dynamic stability when females with pes planus foot posture experience a modified foot placement orientation during walking.

Recent studies have shown that gait retraining can significantly affect the biomechanical load on the patellofemoral joint. It is of great significance to understand the effects of these running technique characteristics on patellofemoral joint load for developing effective prevention and rehabilitation strategies for injury.