Systematic reviews (SRs) provide crucial evidence for gastric cancer interventions, but their reliability can be compromised by methodological flaws. We aimed to evaluate the methodological quality of SRs on gastric cancer interventions and identify factors affecting their quality.

In this first preclinical evaluation study of the hinotori™ system in gastric resection procedure its capabilities to perform distal and total gastrectomy while using human cadaver models were evaluated.

Posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality following major liver resection. Despite advances in surgical techniques and perioperative care, treatment options for PHLF are limited. Pharmacological interventions targeting ischemia-reperfusion injury and portal flow modulation have gained interest as potential therapeutic strategies.

Long-limb Roux-en-Y (LLRY) reconstruction has recently been implemented as an oncometabolic surgery to improve glycemic control following surgery for gastric cancer (GC); however, data on its feasibility are insufficient. We investigated the 1-year outcomes of LLRY reconstruction for glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

This study investigated the relationship between textbook outcomes of liver surgery (TOLS) and overall survival (OS) in patients who underwent curative-intent resection of GBC.

Multifocal intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (m-iCCA) is a complex and aggressive form of primary liver cancer, often associated with poor outcomes. Although surgical resection is considered the only curative treatment for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), multifocality is frequently regarded as a contraindication due to the high risk of recurrence and limited survival benefits. Advances in surgical techniques and evolving treatment strategies have reopened discussions about the feasibility of resection in these cases.

Liquid biopsies enable noninvasive tumor material sampling in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Genetic information, especially alterations in circulating free DNA (cfDNA) levels, might help predict poorer tumor differentiation, disease progression, and might be used as treatment efficacy evaluator. However, the data on this topic are insufficient.

While the resection of colorectal liver metastases is a well-established procedure, with survival rates superior to chemotherapy alone, controversial data still exist on liver resection for non-colorectal liver metastases (NCRLM). These patients comprise a diverse and heterogeneous group usually excluded from surgery. To date, only few retrospective reports are available on the surgical treatment of NCRLM. The NONCOLMET study aimed to build a comprehensive registry of patients undergoing liver resection for NCRLM, providing robust retrospective and prospective data to describe clinical practices, outcomes, and identify prognostic factors.

The incidence of adhesive small bowel obstruction (ASBO) after abdominal surgery is 2.4%. Delay in surgery increases morbidity and mortality. Plasma intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) levels indicate intestinal damage and may guide treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate whether plasma I-FABP levels may optimize selection of patients requiring surgery presenting with ASBO.

Early detection and timely treatment of anastomotic leakage (AL) following rectal surgery are crucial for improving outcomes. However, no standardized early detection pathway exists. This study evaluates a multicenter clinical care pathway integrating bedside endoscopy to reduce time to diagnose AL.

This study aimed to evaluate whether the retrieval of 15 or more lymph nodes (LN) during gastrectomy for cancer is associated with better survival and more accurate pathological staging.

There is a lack of sufficient evidence-based data to support personalized treatment decisions for Zenker's diverticulum. This study evaluates not only short-term outcomes of different treatment approaches but also identifies prognostic factors for long-term recurrence-free survival and quality of life.

Esophagectomy, the cornerstone in the multimodal treatment of esophageal cancer, has evolved from open surgery to minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) in recent decades. MIE reduces complications, facilitates faster recovery, and provides comparable or superior oncologic outcomes and survival rates compared to open surgery.

Acute mesenteric ischaemia (AMI) is a life-threatening condition with mortality exceeding 50%. This scoping review evaluates current diagnostic and management strategies, comparing endovascular and open surgical approaches.

As the nonoperative management of acute appendicitis becomes more widespread, identifying patients at high risk of appendiceal tumors is increasingly important. This study aimed to clarify the predictive factors of appendiceal tumors before appendectomy.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) or perioperative chemotherapy followed by surgical resection is the standard of care for oesophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancer. Up to a third of patients will have a pathological complete response to neoadjuvant treatment. Given the significant morbidity associated with surgery, active surveillance is considered as a potential alternative for patients with clinical complete response post-nCRT. Summary: The preSANO and preSINO trials have validated a multimodal diagnostic strategy combining oesophagogastroduodenoscopy with bite-on-bite biopsies, endoscopic ultrasonography with fine-needle aspiration of suspicious lymph nodes, and PET-CT to detect residual disease. The SANO trial is assessing whether active surveillance leads to non-inferior overall survival compared to planned surgery. Early results of randomized studies support previous retrospective reports of comparable oncological outcomes, with improved quality of life in the surveillance group. Despite concerns of increased morbidity of postponed surgery upon recurrence, recent data indicate comparable surgical outcomes of delayed oesophagectomy. Ongoing trials, including SANO-2, CELEAC, and NEEDS, aim to rationalize surveillance protocols, while SANO-3 is investigating the role of adding immunotherapy in improving response durability. Key Messages: Active surveillance represents a promising alternative to surgery for oesophageal cancer patients achieving complete clinical response after neoadjuvant therapy. While it can spare patients the morbidity of oesophagectomy and significantly improve quality of life, it requires accurate response assessment and structured follow-up. Future developments, including immunotherapy and non-invasive diagnostics, may further refine this approach and expand its safe applicability.

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Total pancreatectomy (TP) is a technically demanding procedure for patients with multifocal pancreatic diseases. Although the benefits of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA)-first approach for pancreatic cancer (PC) have been reported in pancreatic surgery, few studies have demonstrated surgical techniques of SMA-first approach in TP.

In gastric cancer surgery, an adequate D2 lymphadenectomy is associated with improved cancer-specific survival. The aim of this study was to test the reliability of a new score (PhotoNodes Score [PNS]) conceived to rate the quality of lymphadenectomy in minimally invasive gastrectomy. The primary outcome of the study was to assess the inter-observer agreement among the reviewers assigning the score. The secondary outcome was the association between PNS and survival.

Introduction: Free perforation of the stomach or the duodenum usually requires emergency surgery. In fact, perforation is associated with short-term mortality and morbidity in up to 30 and 50% of patients, respectively, due to secondary peritonitis and sepsis. We hypothesized that postoperative clinical outcomes with duodenal perforation (DP) are worse than those with stomach perforation (SP). This retrospective study aimed to compare the early postoperative clinical outcomes of patients with SP and DP, focusing on morbidity and mortality, to identify differences that could indicate potential changes in surgical management.