Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common subtype of kidney cancer with aggressive behavior and poor prognosis. Dysregulation of DNA replication and repair, including alterations in replication protein A1 (RPA1), replication factor C subunit 1 (RFC1), and DNA polymerase epsilon (POLE), may influence tumor biology and immune interactions. This study investigated the expression of these proteins in ccRCC and their associations with systemic inflammation, tumor immune microenvironment (TME), and prognosis.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have recently been applied as anticancer agents for various thoracic malignancies. However, the mechanisms underlying their efficacy remain insufficiently understood. We therefore conducted a study to investigate the role of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) molecules expressed on the surface of cancer cell lines.

PD-L1 expression is a key biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in breast cancer treatment. However, many factors affect PD-L1 assessment. This study evaluated how specimen-related factors affect PD-L1 expression in breast cancer and provides a guide for optimal specimen selection.

Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and intraperitoneal chemotherapy are standard treatments for the peritoneal spreading from appendiceal tumours. We aimed to assess and compare outcomes after CRS, with or without intraperitoneal chemotherapy, in patients with peritoneal spreading from appendiceal neoplasms and malignancies.

Piperlongumine, a major alkaloid compound found in long pepper ( L.), is used to treat tumors, malaria, bronchitis, and asthma. This study aimed to investigate the anticancer effects of piperlongumine on SK-BR-3 and T47D human breast cancer cell lines, focusing on its potential to induce apoptosis and autophagy.

Accurate staging is critical for optimizing treatment in advanced-stage cervical cancer (FIGO stage IB3 and above). This study evaluated the added value of ^18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) compared to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) in improving staging accuracy and guiding management decisions.

Although trastuzumab-based chemotherapy improves survival in HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer, some patients demonstrate suboptimal efficacy and limited response durations. We examined the relationship between clinical outcomes and genomic features, including co-mutations and the length of the -amplified segment.

The study aimed to analyze the Dunning-Kruger effect (DKE) in oncologists' self-perceived and accurate knowledge of scientific data, prescribing indications, and clinical results of the new radioligand therapy (RLT) for metastatic castration-resistant prostate carcinoma (mCRPC).

Optimal treatment strategies following disease progression on cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) plus endocrine therapy (ET) for patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) remain undefined. Oral 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) derivatives, such as tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil (S-1) and capecitabine, are widely used and offer convenience of administration. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral 5-FU derivatives in such a treatment setting in patients with HR/HER2 MBC.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as a first-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), offering the potential for long-term survival. However, predictors of sustained clinical benefit in patients without driver gene mutations remain poorly defined. This study aimed to identify clinical and therapeutic factors associated with long-term survival in NSCLC patients treated with ICIs.

Tamoxifen remains a first-line treatment for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Emerging evidence indicates that aberrant 5-methylcytosine (mC) modification of RNAs contributes to chemotherapeutic resistance in various types of cancer, however their role in determining tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer remains elusive.

Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide due to its high incidence and poor prognosis. Although targeted therapies and immunotherapies have advanced, survival outcomes remain unsatisfactory for lung-cancer patients. Recombinant methioninase (rMETase), which targets methionine addiction, a fundamental and general hallmark of cancer, has demonstrated synergistic efficacy with chemotherapeutic agents in numerous cancer types. We have previously shown synergy of rMETase and ivermectin against pancreatic-, colon-, and breast-cancer cells. The present study aimed to investigate the synergistic efficacy of rMETase in combination with cisplatinum and ivermectin on lung-cancer cells compared to normal fibroblasts.

The AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL) has been identified as a key driver of tumor progression and chemoresistance in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying AXL-mediated oncogenesis remain unclear. This study aimed to identify novel AXL downstream genes involved in NSCLC progression.

We aimed to assess the results of neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (N-RCT) in a cohort of 54 patients with middle and lower third locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) treated in real-world practice at a German certified oncologic rectal center for the treatment of rectal cancer.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant epithelial tumor with a high prevalence in Southeast Asia, Southern China, Singapore, and Taiwan. Despite advances in chemo-radiotherapy, approximately 30% of patients with NPC still have a poor prognosis due to distant metastasis, underscoring the urgent need for novel therapeutic agents. This study aimed to investigate the anticancer mechanism of a novel compound, bis-type triaziquone (BTZQ), in NPC cells.

Previous studies have demonstrated low response rates and short progression-free survival (PFS) for platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer during treatment with poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate treatment outcomes in Japanese patients.

Prostate cancer is a common malignancy among men. However, identifying clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) remains challenging, particularly in the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) 3-4 lesions. This study evaluated whether combining prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-derived biomarkers and clinical parameters with multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) improves risk stratification and reduces unnecessary biopsies.

Homochlorcyclizine dihydrochloride, a clinically approved antihistamine for allergic conditions, has not been previously explored for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) therapy. This study aimed to investigate homochlorcyclizine dihydrochloride's anti-HCC activity and underlying mechanisms, focusing on its effects on proliferation, migration, cancer stem cell (CSC) characteristics, and key cell cycle regulators.

Biliary tract cancer is treated through surgical resection, but the risk of recurrence remains high. Identifying preoperative prognostic factors may allow better risk-benefit assessment and patient stratification for more effective treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of sarcopenia and systemic inflammatory markers in oldest-old patients with resected biliary tract cancer.

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) have become the focus of antitumor immunity. However, the prognostic significance of TLS in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) treated with primary debulking surgery (PDS) or interval debulking surgery (IDS) remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to examine TLS in tumor tissues collected during PDS and IDS for patients with EOC to evaluate its prognostic significance.