[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/tbj/6070736.].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/1863519.].

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare benign breast disease in which cutaneous involvement is insufficiently characterized. This study aimed to evaluate the sonographic, clinical, and histopathological features of skin manifestations in IGM. We retrospectively analyzed 138 women with biopsy-proven IGM who underwent breast and skin ultrasonography between 2023 and 2024. Clinical cutaneous findings were documented, and 14 patients with visible skin lesions underwent additional punch biopsy for histopathological evaluation. Sonographic and clinical features were stratified according to symptom duration (0-3, 4-6, 7-9, and ≥ 10 weeks). Cutaneous lesions were identified in 84/138 patients (60.9%). Sonographic findings followed a sequential distribution: fibrous echogenicity loss in early disease (11/14, 78.6%), vacuolar structures at 4-6 weeks (11/19, 57.9%), dermo-subcutaneous blurring at 7-9 weeks (9/34, 26.5%), and advanced features such as fistula formation (11/17, 64.7%) and dermo-subcutaneous disruption (11/17, 64.7%) beyond 10 weeks. Clinical findings paralleled imaging, with erythema and papulopustular lesions predominating early (13/14, 92.9%), erythema nodosum peaking at 4-6 weeks (7/19, 36.8%), and ulceration and fistula formation emerging after ≥ 7 weeks (11/17, 64.7% at ≥ 10 weeks). Histopathological analysis of 14 skin biopsies demonstrated nonspecific inflammatory changes without granuloma formation. IGM demonstrates sequential sonographic and clinical cutaneous patterns associated with symptom duration. Early erythematous and papulopustular changes progress to ulceration and fistula formation in prolonged disease. Although supportive in suggesting cutaneous involvement, these features are not diagnostic, and histopathological confirmation remains essential. Prospective studies are warranted to further define the clinical and histological course of cutaneous changes in IGM.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1111/tbj.13394.].

To investigate the efficacy of microwave ablation (MVA) combined with Chai Hu Qing Gan Tang (CHQGT) for idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM). 480 patients were divided into the CHQGT combination group (CHQGT + MVA), corticosteroid combination group (glucocorticoids + MVA) and control group (glucocorticoids), with 160 cases in each group. Data on patient information, treatment effects, adverse effects and breast appearance were collected. Network pharmacology was used to identify the effective active ingredients and target information of CHQGT. The Gene Cards database was used to obtain the relevant targets of IGM, and the drug-component-common target relationship network was constructed using Cytoscape 3.9.1 software. All treatment groups showed significant differences in Visual Analog Scale score, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, mass size and the total effective rate ( < 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in the rate of excellent breast shape between the three groups after treatment ( < 0.001), with the rate higher in the CHQGT liver decoction combined with glucocorticoids treatment group compared with the control group. There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions and recurrence rate between the three groups within 2 years after treatment ( < 0.001), with the incidence of adverse reactions and recurrence rate higher in the control group than in the glucocorticoid combination and CHQGT decoction combination groups. Network pharmacology identified 199 active ingredients and 23 drug-disease targets of CHQGT. The molecular docking results showed that the main active components screened had good binding activity with their corresponding target proteins. The combination of CHQGT and MWA is comparable in overall therapeutic efficacy to the combination of glucocorticoids and MWA. However, the CHQGT and MWA combination is superior in reducing lump size, alleviating patient pain and accelerating recovery.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/9533461.].

Nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) with implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR) preserves the nipple-areolar complex (NAC) with superior aesthetic results but results in loss of nipple sensation. Nipple neurotization has emerged as a technique to restore the sensory function, yet outcomes remain variable across studies. This systematic review synthesizes the available evidence on nipple neurotization in IBBR, focusing on sensory recovery, patient satisfaction, and surgical techniques.

The efficacy of HLX02, a trastuzumab biosimilar, in combination with chemotherapy for treating metastatic breast cancer (BC) has been established as equivalent to the reference Herceptin. This study aimed to assess the treatment response of HLX02-based neoadjuvant therapy in HER2-positive BC, with a focus on HR-positive versus HR-negative subgroups. Additionally, we investigated the potential role of a CDK4/6 inhibitor in combination with anti-HER2 therapy. This retrospective study included HER2-positive BC patients who received HLX02-based neoadjuvant therapy followed by curative surgery at Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital between March 2021 and August 2023. Pathological complete response (pCR) rates were analyzed, and subgroup analyses evaluated predictors of pCR. In vitro experiments using BT-474 and MCF-7 cell lines assessed the effects of combining CDK4/6 inhibitors with anti-HER2 therapy on cell viability and apoptosis. The study included 67 patients with a median age of 53 years. The overall pCR rate was 53.73%, with higher pCR rates observed in HR-negative patients compared to HR-positive patients (63.89% vs. 41.94%). Dual HER2 blockade with HLX02 and pertuzumab was associated with a numerically improved pCR rate (62.16%). ER expression significantly increased post-treatment, potentially indicating treatment resistance mechanisms. In vitro, the combination of CDK4/6 inhibitors with anti-HER2 therapy significantly reduced cell viability and promoted apoptosis in HR-positive, HER2-positive cell lines. HLX02 demonstrates real-world efficacy as part of neoadjuvant therapy for HER2-positive BC, especially in HR-negative patients. The lower pCR rate in HR-positive patients highlights the need for additional strategies. Combining CDK4/6 inhibitors with anti-HER2 therapy presents a promising approach for HR-positive HER2-positive patients, warranting further clinical validation.

To investigate the effect of microRNA-195-5p (miRNA-195-5p) on proliferation and malignant metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and its underlying mechanism.

Angiosarcomas (ASs) are a heterogeneous subtype of soft tissue sarcomas. They can be subdivided into primary and secondary AS, with secondary AS being predominant, particularly those following radiotherapy. The aim of this study was first to analyze our patient cohort on a descriptive level and then to identify possible risk factors with regard to one and 5-year survival using logistic regression.

While the characteristics of pathologic nipple discharge (PND) are well documented in the literature, comparative clinical and risk factor analyses across different pathologic subtypes are lacking.

The safety and value of same-day mastectomy are well-documented but the patient perspective is underreported, especially among older patients. This study aimed to investigate older patient-reported recovery quality after mastectomy; we hypothesized that patients who were discharged same day would report better recovery.

Lack of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression limits targeted treatments for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). HER2 status changes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) have been reported, but their impact on survival in Peruvian TNBC patients remains unexplored. Here, we aimed to assess HER2 status before and after NAC and its association with clinical characteristics, treatment response, and survival outcomes.

This study aimed to qualitatively assess the added diagnostic value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), using Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) lexicon descriptors, in evaluating breast lesions with type 2 dynamic curves. We retrospectively reviewed 181 breast lesions with type 2 dynamic curves in 181 consecutive patients who underwent 3-Tesla (3-T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Trained radiologists assessed the morphological features of the lesions on dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI, DWI, and T2WI using BI-RADS lexicon descriptors and measured the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). Statistical analysis was performed to compare variables in lesion type groups (mass-like group vs. nonmass-like group). Diagnostic performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and the DeLong test, with statistical significance at < 0.05. In mass-like lesions, all morphological parameters significantly distinguished benign from malignant lesions on DCE, DWI, and T2WI (all < 0.05). ADC values also showed significant differences ( < 0.05). The combined approach (DCE + DWI + T2WI) yielded the highest AUC (0.895), significantly outperforming the individual methods (all < 0.05). In nonmass-like lesions, no parameter significantly predicted malignancy (all > 0.05). The addition of DWI and T2WI, interpreted using the BI-RADS lexicon descriptors, enhances the differential diagnosis of breast lesions with type 2 dynamic curves.

Programmed death ligand 1 (PDL1) expression in tumors is linked to immune evasion in various cancers, making these patients potential candidates for PDL1 inhibitors. Although immune checkpoint blockade therapy has gained approval for breast cancer treatment, especially triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), there is a lack of PDL1 expression data in Pakistani breast cancer patients. In our study, PDL1 expression was assessed in TNBC to determine eligibility for PDL1 inhibitors. Our study aimed to evaluate the frequency of PDL1 expression in TNBC. We also examined how PDL1 expression correlates with clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors in patients with TNBC. Moreover, the association of neoadjuvant chemotherapy response with PDL1 expression was also evaluated.

The Oncotype DX test is standardly used for patients with early-stage, hormone-receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancers to determine the benefit from chemotherapy and the likelihood of distant recurrence. The relationship between Oncotype DX recurrence scores and race/ethnicity is still being studied. This retrospective study aims to evaluate the relationship between Oncotype DX recurrence scores, race/ethnicity, and clinicopathological factors and to support the applicability of the Oncotype DX test for a diverse breast cancer population of Hawaii. We evaluated 879 breast cancer cases diagnosed from January 2018-March 2022 within a major health system in Hawaii, 600 of which received Oncotype DX recurrence scores to provide prognostic and therapy-predictive information based on NCCN guidelines. Linear regression with both univariable (unadjusted) and multivariable (adjusted for all other variables) models was run on the 600 breast cancer cases that received Oncotype DX recurrence scores. The predictor variables were age at diagnosis, race, tumor size, ER/PR status, and histology. On multivariable analysis, we found statically significant differences in Oncotype DX recurrence scores according to age (60-69 vs. 18-49, =0.01), ER/PR status (PR-positive vs. PR-negative, < 0.0001), histology (other vs. ductal, =0.004), and tumor size (2-5 cm vs. 0-1 cm, =0.0003). We found no significant differences in Oncotype DX recurrence scores according to race/ethnicity. Our findings indicate that Oncotype DX recurrence scores are not variable according to race/ethnicity, highlighting the need for further research to understand the known disparities in breast cancer outcomes among different racial/ethnic groups. Our study supports the correlation between Oncotype DX recurrence scores and other factors and aligns with established prognostic trends for these variables in a diverse population. This study supports the applicability for the Oncotype DX test in a diverse breast cancer population of Hawaii.

Clips placed after core needle biopsy are often several millimeters to centimeters from the biopsy cavity. Radiofrequency and radar (R) localization involve a second localization procedure based on the prior clip placement, potentially compounding the distance from the area localized to the original biopsy site. Fluoroscopic intraoperative neoplasm detection (FIND) obviates the need for a second localization by using intraoperative fluoroscopy to localize the original biopsy clip. We hypothesized that intraoperative localization using FIND is feasible and may result in fewer positive margins. A retrospective review was performed of patients with nonpalpable malignancy who underwent partial mastectomy from September 2016 to August 2023. Results were compared between patients who underwent R localization vs. FIND. The Pythagorean theorem was used to calculate the distance in space between the biopsy clip and the R localization device. Chi-square was used to calculate the two-tailed value. We identified 219 patients: 161 localized with FIND and 55 with R. Three percent (6 out of 161) of the patients with FIND and 12% (7 out of 55) of the patients with R had positive margins (=0.01). The average distance between the R device and biopsy clip in patients with positive margins was 19.1 mm, and with negative margins, it was 12.45 mm (=0.09). The positive margin rate with R localization was significantly greater than with FIND. The positive margin rate trended toward increased distance from the localization device to the biopsy clip. Eliminating the second localization decreases painful procedures for the patient and may result in improved tumor-free margins.

To investigate the conventional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging features of pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH). Retrospective analysis of clinical and imaging data of 29 patients diagnosed with PASH from June 2014 to June 2023. The median age of the patients was 39 years. Linear/cystic hypoechoic areas could be detected within the lesion in 12 cases (41.4%), and in 17 cases, the lesions had extensive conventional ultrasound findings with no significant features. The ultrasound-measured lesion diameters were smaller than those measured in surgically resected lesions, and the statistical difference was highly significant ( < 0.01). Fifteen cases underwent CEUS examination, with 7 lesions (46.7%) demonstrating uniform enhancement and 8 lesions (53.3%) exhibiting nonuniform enhancement. Within the enhanced regions, perfusion defects were observed, all of which were of the patchy type. The areas of patchy perfusion defects corresponded to the linear/cystic hypoechoic regions observed in the conventional sonographic images of the lesions. The use of CEUS provided additional diagnostic clarity compared with conventional ultrasound. Specifically, the specificity for identifying PASH lesions increased from 35.7% with conventional ultrasound to 64.3% with CEUS, highlighting the value of CEUS in enhancing the diagnostic accuracy for PASH lesions. This study suggests that linear/cystic hypoechoic areas on sonography may serve as crucial clues for the ultrasound diagnosis of PASH. The presence of diffuse patchy perfusion defects in CEUS contributes to the accurate diagnosis of PASH.

With increasing survival rates of breast cancer, there is a need for more research to understand the experiences of survivors. Previous quantitative studies have shown that physical activity can be beneficial for breast cancer survivors. However, a qualitative perspective is essential to create appropriate adaptations for this population. This study aims to develop a deeper understanding of the experiences of female adult breast cancer survivors with physical activity in their postdiagnosis lifestyle. This study followed a qualitative systematic review methodology. In January 2024, six databases (APA PsycInfo, CINAHL Plus, OVID Medline, Scopus, SPORTDiscus and Sports Medicine an Education Index) were searched using aim-specific key terms. Ten studies, comprising a total sample of 200 participants, met the inclusion criteria. Quality appraisal, data extraction and synthesis stages were conducted. Five main themes emerged during the synthesis stage: (1) Outcomes of Physical Activity Participation, (2) Barriers to Physical Activity, (3) Postdiagnosis Balancing Act, (4) Needs for Future Physical Activity Programs and (5) Next Steps for Breast Cancer Survivors. Additionally, 15 subthemes were identified. Overall, breast cancer survivors reported positive experiences with physical activity, leading to a desire to maintain an active lifestyle. However, barriers such as treatment side effects, unmet needs for advice from health services and challenges in daily life postdiagnosis were identified. Future research should explore the implementation of specific national guidelines and recommendations for survivors postdiagnosis to overcome these barriers and enhance the quality of survivorship care.

Breast cancer presents a significant risk to public health and is the primary cause of cancer-related death in women. Awareness of metastatic breast cancer (mBC) continues to increase, and advances have been made; however, challenges remain for many patient populations that do not receive equal opportunities along the treatment pathway. The Underserved Patient Population (UPP) Coalition Task Force, a group of international experts in mBC, held meetings between 2022 and 2023 to prioritise the needs of UPPs and propose solutions. The key unmet needs identified included the following: delayed diagnosis of mBC due to difficulties in the presentation of patients to the healthcare system and a lack of primary care physician and non-breast cancer specialist understanding of the signs and symptoms of mBC; difficulty navigating the mBC patient pathway due to suboptimal use of multidisciplinary care and limited communication between HCPs; unequal access to the most appropriate mBC treatment options and supportive therapy due to the unconscious bias of HCPs, and direct and indirect financial toxicity for patients; and negative impact on QoL resulting from the limited uptake of shared decision-making, low prioritisation of patient preferences and a lack of personalised care. This paper aims to shine light on initiatives supporting underserved patients with mBC, illustrate the remaining gaps in care and call upon the global community to change how care is delivered to UPPs.

Given the crucial roles of in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), we assume that it may also be involved in tumor stemness, immune evasion, and drug resistance in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This study was designed to analyze the expression and clinical significance of and investigate its association with tumor stemness-related and immune-related genes.