Point-of-care testing (POC) is widely utilized for rapid results for many different analytes. A new feline-specific N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) quantitative assay (Vcheck V200, Bionote Inc) is currently available but has not undergone independent validation.

The ProCyte One is a veterinary hematology analyzer. It uses laser flow cytometry with four optical detectors to categorize RBCs, WBCs, and platelets.

Hemorheology is used in human medicine but remains largely unexplored in veterinary medicine. The assessment of RBC rheology holds potential for diagnosing, monitoring, and predicting outcomes in veterinary species. Reference intervals (RIs) are needed before clinical assessment of the method.

microRNAs (miRNA) have been proposed as biomarkers for pancreatitis in dogs due to their high peak concentrations and experimental correlation with acinar cell injury. However, analytical validation and the effect of interfering substances are unknown.

Pleural effusion (PE) in cats can result from transudative or exudative processes. Transudates are caused by decreased colloid osmotic pressure (↓COP) or elevated hydrostatic pressure (↑HP) gradient, while exudates arise from increased pleural capillary permeability. Diagnostic classification approaches traditionally rely on pleural effusion total protein (TP) and total nucleated cell counts (TNCC). In contrast, Light's criteria employing pleural effusion lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), LDH divided by serum LDH (LDH), and pleural effusion to serum protein ratio (TP) are more accurate than classification based on TP/TNCC in humans and show promise in cats.

Measurement of liver enzymes and metabolites for both clinically healthy and sick cattle is a routine part of dairy herd management. Reference intervals (RIs) are influenced by many variables, including pregnancy, breeding, and geographical variables, and can shift over time. Few previous studies have addressed the specific RIs of dairy cows, and none have specifically addressed the RIs of German Holstein Friesian cows.

A 3-year-old, intact female Havanese dog was presented for treatment of a relapse of suspected immune-mediated anemia and thrombocytopenia. Over the course of treatment, the patient's anemia appeared to acutely transition from macrocytic and hypochromic to microcytic and hypochromic between days five and six of hospitalization. Assessment of red blood cell volume/hemoglobin content (RBC V/HC) cytograms produced on the ADVIA 2120i (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics, Munich, Germany) revealed a new population of microcytic and hypochromic erythrocytes on day six of hospitalization. This finding prompted the consideration that the microcytic and hypochromic erythrocyte population was introduced to the patient via a packed red blood cell (pRBC) transfusion, which was confirmed after running a sample of pRBCs from the same donor through the ADVIA 2120i. Other causes of microcytosis, such as iron deficiency anemia, portosystemic shunt, and hyponatremia, were additionally investigated and considered less likely. The cause of the microcytosis in the donor was ultimately undetermined. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case where inadvertent transfusion with microcytic pRBCs was discovered with the aid of RBC V/HC cytograms. This case highlights the importance of considering pRBCs as a source of changes in erythrocyte indices as well as the utility of RBC V/HC cytograms in patients with multiple populations of erythrocytes, such as those receiving transfusions. Additionally, this case prompts reconsideration of the need for standardization of guidelines for blood donation frequency and monitoring of iron status in frequent blood donors.

Diarrhea is classified as acute, prolonged, or chronic; acute diarrhea (AD) commonly prompts veterinary visits. Identifying causative agents and inflammation severity in the lab is crucial for treatment and prognosis.

The mononuclear phagocyte system encompasses macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), and monocytes. Tissue-resident macrophages and dendritic cells arise during embryogenesis and are replenished either through self-renewal or by monocytes during inflammation. Tissue macrophages and DCs are indistinguishable by light microscopy, thus "histiocyte" is often used in diagnostic pathology to denote both cell types. Macrophages and DCs play essential roles in immune surveillance, inflammation, antigen presentation, and tissue repair and homeostasis. Functions essential to these roles include internalization of foreign and host-derived materials via phagocytosis, endocytosis, and pinocytosis; coordination of immune and non-immune cells via release of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors; and activation of T cell response via antigen presentation. Their remarkable functional plasticity is governed by ontogeny, tissue of residence, and exquisite sensitivity to a wide variety of signals from pathogens, damaged and recovering tissues, extracellular matrix, and other immune cells.

The number of backyard chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) flocks in the US in urban and suburban areas has continued to increase over the past three decades. These flocks are often raised as both production animals and as pets. Electrophoretic evaluation of plasma proteins has been held as the reference standard for protein evaluation. Reference intervals (RIs) for plasma protein electrophoresis (PPE) in chickens in northern Colorado are not readily available but could aid diagnostic evaluations.

Monitoring the metabolic changes during the periparturient period is crucial.

In humans, deficiency of a disintegrin-like and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 motifs, number 13 (ADAMTS13), a von Willebrand factor (vWF) cleaving protease, is an underlying mechanism for thrombosis. The role of ADAMTS13 in canine thromboembolic disease is largely unknown.