Environmental epidemiology studies increasingly integrate "big" geospatial and health datasets to examine associations between environmental factors and health outcomes. Using such datasets - and linking between them - presents a number of complexities with regard to study design and analytic approaches. These complexities are often magnified with the integration of additional contextual data representing other neighborhood characteristics, including socioeconomic factors. Guidance regarding the design of environmental health studies that leverage "big" geospatial and health outcome data is limited and fragmented.

The relationship between prenatal exposure to low-level air pollution and child autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is unclear.

Antimicrobial use in food-animal production selects for antimicrobial-resistant that can be transmitted to humans via contaminated meat products. California Senate Bill 27 (SB27), which took effect on January 1, 2018, restricts the use of medically important antimicrobials in California food-animal production. Over time, SB27 could reduce the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant on meat produced in California.

Organophosphate ester flame retardants and plasticizers (OPEs) have myriad uses in industry and consumer products. Increasing human exposure to OPEs has raised concerns about their potential effects on child neurodevelopment during pregnancy.

Triclosan, an antimicrobial chemical that was widely used in consumer products, may increase risk of allergic diseases in children, but prospective studies are needed to clarify the association.

Growing evidence links air pollution to cognitive dysfunction in older adults. The gut microbiome and circulating metabolites present an important yet unexplored pathway, given their crucial role in the gut-brain axis.

While numerous studies have examined associations between prenatal air pollution exposure and fetal growth measures, investigations assessing longitudinal growth trajectories across multiple time points during mid-to-late pregnancy remain limited.

Fat-soluble toxicants such as chlorpyrifos (CPF) can accumulate in adipose tissue and the liver. During weight loss, these compounds may be released into circulation, but the metabolic consequences of this mobilization remain poorly understood.

Human exposure to complex, changing, and variably correlated mixtures of environmental chemicals has presented analytical challenges to epidemiologists and human health researchers. There has been a wide variety of recent advances in statistical methods for analyzing mixtures data, with most methods having open-source software for implementation. However, there is no one-size-fits-all method for analyzing mixtures data given the considerable heterogeneity in scientific focus and study design. For example, some methods focus on predicting the overall health effect of a mixture and others seek to disentangle main effects and pairwise interactions. Some methods are only appropriate for cross-sectional designs, while other methods can accommodate longitudinally measured exposures or outcomes.

Extreme heat risk assessments often rely on epidemiologic studies that used the nearest available outdoor airport temperatures (OATs) rather than individually-experienced temperatures (IETs) and frequently lack key individual-level determinants of exposure, including occupation, housing, and air conditioning. This hampers efforts to characterize heat burden inequities and guide interventions for vulnerable populations.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a research priority for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Because PFAS include thousands of structurally diverse chemicals, there is a pressing need for identifying what data are available to assess the human health hazard of these compounds.

Disparities in exposure to and harm associated with pesticides are established. However, high resolution spatial data on exposure to pesticides are lacking.

Diarrheal diseases remain a leading cause of mortality and morbidity among under-five children in South Asia. In rural Bangladesh, deep tubewells that tap into low-arsenic deep aquifers have been installed to provide microbially safe and arsenic-free drinking-water at source. However, unlike more widely used shallow tubewells, deep tubwells are sparsely distributed, and households often travel farther for drinking-water consumption from such wells. Hence, benefits from deep tubewells may be abated by higher levels of microbial contamination during water handling and storage that could increase the risk of diarrheal diseases.

Long-term exposure to arsenic (As) can cause many health effects and As metabolism is key in the detoxification and elimination of As. We hypothesize that hepatic steatosis might affect As metabolism efficiency. We evaluated the association of As exposure and As metabolism biomarkers with hepatic steatosis.

Exposomics is a conceptual framework positioned at the intersection of environmental health sciences and precision medicine. It seeks to comprehensively understand how environmental exposures and the body's response to these exposures impact human health across the life course. Introduced in 2005, the exposome concept represents a paradigm shift from single-pollutant studies to an integrated approach considering a broad range of exposures.

Environmental exposures to toxicants, such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), during gestation can disrupt immune development, causing long-term impacts on a child's ability to generate a well-regulated, protective immune response. T-cells coordinate with all immune cell types to orchestrate both cellular and antibody-mediated responses. While there is compelling evidence that PFAS alters immunity in humans, the specific effects of early life PFAS exposure on infant T-cell development are unreported. Because of their central role in immunity, altered T-cell development in infants would have implications on immune responses broadly and long-term.