The purpose of this study is to examine the occurrence, characteristics, and outcomes of intensive care unit (ICU) patients with sepsis and the absence of fever.

The objective of this study was to assess the Subarachnoid Haemorrhage International Trialist (SAHIT) prediction model in a tertiary adult intensive care unit (ICU) cohort when assessing patient outcomes against predicted outcomes, firstly by assessing the discrimination and validation of the model in the Princess Alexandra Hospital (PA) intensive care cohort and secondly comparing the predicted outcomes using the SAHIT model to the actual cohort outcomes using a Monte Carlo simulation.

Hyperglycaemia requiring insulin infusions is common among critically ill patients. Attempts to tightly control glucose levels in the intensive care unit (ICU) have had mixed results partly due to hypoglycaemia. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has been widely adopted among ambulatory persons with diabetes but tested only on small numbers of patients in the ICU. This study was undertaken to address the accuracy of CGM in a group of critically ill patients.

Describe the association between the implementation of a shared decision-making (SDM) program and documentation of goals of care for critically ill patients with life-limiting illness (LLI).

Mortality prediction models are used for benchmarking, audit, research, and epidemiology. This report describes the development and validation methodology, for version 7 of the critical care outcome prediction equation for monitoring adult intensive care unit (ICU) mortality risk.

There is considerable interest in the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome and its interaction with disease processes, but existing reviews tend to assume ecological and microbiological knowledge that critical care clinicians may not have. In this review, we present an overview of the GI microbiome for the critical care clinician and highlight unanswered questions pertinent to the field. The human GI microbiome can now be mapped and its relationship with organ function interrogated. Multiomics approaches that integrate data from multiple sources, including the microbiome, epigenome, transcriptome, metabolome, and proteome, offer promise in unravelling the hitherto inconsistent results of interventions to modify the microbiome, with a view to improving outcomes. Resident microbes are implicated in local and systemic immune dysregulation during critical illness. While the mechanisms underlying relationships between the GI microbiome and organ function in health and disease remain incompletely understood, a byproduct of saccharolytic fermentation of dietary fibre in the colon, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), are a key modulator of these relationships. Pertinent to the use of prebiotic formulations in treating chronic disease and critical illness, are the comparatively unexplored bidirectional interactions between the microbiome and host. More observational and interventional data, using advanced laboratory techniques, are needed to understand if these are causal relationships.

To determine whether type of consent model was associated with recruitment rate in critical care randomised clinical trials (RCT).

The objective of this study was to assess data-related resources, infrastructure, and capabilities in Australia and New Zealand (ANZ) intensive care units (ICUs).

The objective of this study was to evaluate temperature profiles in patients treated for infections in the intensive care unit (ICU) to establish the number of patients who might be eligible for a clinical trial of therapeutic warming.

To evaluate the global distribution of original research articles in intensive care journals, analysing differences by country income level and assessing study characteristics, including type, funding, and accessibility.

Evaluate the quality of documentation and delivery of EOLC in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) during the COVID-19 pandemic and compare with a pre-pandemic audit.

Small observational studies suggest the effect of corticosteroids in patients with vasodilatory shock vary depending on endotypes determined by gene expression. We sought to replicate these findings in a larger cohort from a randomised clinical trial.

Noradrenaline is the most prescribed vasopressor in intensive care units (ICUs). Although there is limited supporting evidence, metaraminol is often used as an alternative agent in some regions. We aimed to describe current practice and elucidate the factors associated with metaraminol prescription in a large cohort of ICU patients.

To assess the characteristics, treatments and outcomes of paediatric and adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, and compare these with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) during the same period.

Hyponatraemia is a common complication after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) and is associated with worse outcomes. Fludrocortisone, a synthetic mineralocorticoid, may be an effective treatment for hyponatraemia, but its effect on clinical outcomes is unknown.

In Australian intensive care units (ICUs), Artificial Intelligence (AI) promises to enhance efficiency and improve patient outcomes. However, ethical concerns surrounding AI must be addressed before widespread adoption. We examine the ethical challenges of of AI using the framework of the four pillars of biomedical ethics-beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice, and discuss the need for a fifth pillar of explicability. We consider the risks of perpetuating inequities, privacy breaches, and unintended harms, particularly in disadvantaged populations such as First Nations people. We advocate for a national strategy for ICUs to guide the ethical implementation of AI, that aligns with existing National AI Frameworks. Our recommendations for implementation of safe and ethical AI in ICU include education, developing guidelines, and ensuring transparency in AI decision-making. A coordinated strategy is essential to balance AI's benefits with the ethical responsibility to protect patients and healthcare providers in critical care settings.

To determine the feasibility of conducting a definitive randomised trial to determine whether, in critically ill patients requiring intensive care unit admission, early CVC insertion compared with late CVC insertion leads to increased days-alive-and-out-of-hospital at 30 days (DAH-30) post-treatment.