Tumor subtypes originate from the heterogeneity of bladder cancer. The goal of subtyping is to reproducibly group tumors to generate a specific outcome (eg, response to therapy). It is crucial to detect subtypes that respond better to perioperative therapy, to identify patients for bladder preservation. Prospective, comprehensive biomarker trials are required to enhance the precision of perioperative therapy.

Molecular imaging has become an essential component of diagnosis, treatment planning, and monitoring in prostate cancer. Prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeted positron emission tomography is now the most widely used molecular imaging approach in prostate cancer. This mini review provides an overview of the status and prospects of novel molecular imaging in prostate cancer management. PATIENT SUMMARY: Recent years have seen improvements in scans for prostate cancer. Our mini review focuses on PSMA PET (prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography) for diagnosis of prostate cancer, especially metastatic disease, and treatment planning and monitoring. The results show that in the right setting, PSMA PET has benefits in improving outcomes for patients with prostate cancer.

The antimicrobial resistance of Mycoplasma genitalium is an escalating crisis that highlights a need for closer collaboration between clinical guideline panels and regulatory bodies. We propose a approach whereby the European Medicines Agency and European Association of Urology could work together for a bridge between regulatory oversight and proactive clinical leadership.

Complex cystic renal masses, classified using the Bosniak system, pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to their variable malignant potential. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess oncological outcomes in patients with cystic renal masses managed with active surveillance (AS) or active treatment (AT), and to report transitions from AS to AT.

Several observational studies have claimed that the use of neuraxial anesthesia reduces the risk of recurrence after urologic cancer surgery. However, its use is associated with age, comorbidity, and cancer stage, raising concerns of confounding. We aimed to assess the published literature to evaluate causal inference reporting.

An artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) is a gold standard treatment for moderate to severe male stress urinary incontinence (SUI). The objective of this study was to evaluate whether self-reported toileting behaviors are associated with quality of life (QOL) following AUS implantation.

Treatment options have evolved for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The aim of our study was to examine real-world (RW) treatment patterns and survival for individuals with mCRPC via a systematic literature review of RW observational studies.

Direct-to-consumer (DTC) telemedical platforms facilitate the discreet management of sensitive medical conditions, including erectile dysfunction. We aimed to use a large dataset to generate a head-to-head comparison on the efficacy, onset of action, and adverse events (AEs) of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5is).

Bladder preservation after neoadjuvant therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer remains investigational. While randomized validation is awaited, growing prospective data, consensus standardization, and biomarker-driven strategies are transforming bladder-sparing strategies from an empirical alternative into a disciplined, evidence-maturing paradigm towards bladder-intact cure.

Smoking causes 50% of bladder cancers yet remains under-recognized by patients. Urologists must prioritize cessation counseling, as quitting improves survival, treatment efficacy, and quality of life. Guideline-recommended Ask-Advise-Act protocols and opt-out referrals can bridge this critical care gap.

The optimal patient position for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) remains a matter of debate. Our aim was to evaluate the association between prone versus supine positioning and perioperative and postoperative outcomes of suction mini-PCNL.

The management of high-grade renal trauma has shifted towards conservative strategies; however, failure of nonoperative management may result in significant morbidity. We systematically reviewed articles reporting on management outcomes published up to August 2025. Among 11 studies involving 746 patients, conservative management was attempted for 89% of grade 4 injuries and 51% of grade 5 injuries, with failure rates for conservative treatment ranging from 4% to 38% across studies. One study identified perinephric hematoma rim distance and intravascular contrast extravasation as potential predictors of treatment failure, although these findings require validation. While most grade 4 injuries can be managed conservatively, grade 5 injuries often require intervention. PATIENT SUMMARY: We looked at conservative treatments for kidney injuries. Most patients with grade 4 injuries can be successfully treated without surgery, whereas grade 5 injuries often need a surgical procedure.